Multiperspective Optimization of Cell and Module Dimensioning for Different Lithium‐Ion Cell Formats on Geometric and Generic Assumptions

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are an essential part of bringing the mobility CO 2 emission to lower levels and ultimately reaching the Paris climate agreement. [1] In recent years, EVs received considerable attention leading to car manufacturers announcing new electric platforms and cars among all the different car classifications from A-to F-segment. Already, EVs achieve annual record sales for the past few years. [2][3][4] Yet, they are still relatively expensive, leading to different states subsidizing electrified cars to make them more attractive to customers. [5] One major reason for EVs being more expensive than the alternative combustion engine version is the still expensive battery system. Thus, the "e-version" of a car can cost up to 75% more of its combustion engine alternative, like the Opel Mokka and Mokka-e. [6] Although cell costs have massively decreased over the past years, the individual battery cell costs still play a significant role within the battery system's summarized cost. [4] As the lithium-ion battery (LIB) has been continuously improved over the last years, it is often already considered as a quite mature developed product. While improvements have mostly been made at the component level, huge cost reduction still lies in the system engineering process when integrating multiple cells in bigger applications like EVs. [7] In general, cell integration has to address a variety of challenges from mechanical, electrical, and thermal engineering. [8] Whereas high power and energy is still one of the

A compatibility study of protective coatings for temperature sensor integration into sodium-ion battery cells

“…In terms of monitoring core cell temperature, the thermistor arrays covering approach offers excellent chemical and physical protection, demonstrated by a prior study conducted over 100 cycles of cylindrical cell ageing [6]. Cylindrical cells, due to their mechanical stability and robustness to internal pressure, are popular with electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers [11].…”

“…Pouch cells offer greater flexibility in terms of sizing (thus improving packing efficiency), and are also promising with original equipment manufacturers [11,12]. In terms of cell development, pouch cells offer an important step between coin and larger format cells [13].…”

Methodology for the Holistic Design of Format-Flexible Lithium-Ion Battery Systems

“…Furthermore, the impact of the inner cell structure on the whole system behavior was investigated, and an optimization on the system level was allowed [3]. With a similar approach adopting a cell-module model, Epp and Sauer aimed to optimize a unified cell format to significantly reduce the costs of batteries for electric vehicles by lowering their production costs due to high production quantities [4]. On a pack level, approaches for the battery system optimization with 18650 cylindrical standard cells [5] and prismatic hardcase cells [6] are known.…”