Multiphoton ionization yield curves for gaussian laser beams

Cervenan, M. R.; Isenor, N. R.

doi:10.1016/0030-4018(75)90035-8

Cited by 75 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…When this happens, continuing to increase the laser intensity naturally creates no more signal in the Rayleigh length, but the ionization region begins to move out into the conical focus regions. Then it can be shown that the power dependence goes as [3/ 2 no matter how many photons are involved in the ionization (26). When the signal is saturated on-resonance, the off resonance signal (there is usually some nonresonant or continuum back ground) still has a high order of nonlinearity and the background signal will catch up to the resonant signal until it too is saturated.…”

Section: Geometric Saturationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular Multiphoton Spectroscopy with Ionization Detection

Johnson¹,

Otis²

1981

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

196

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Section: Geometric Saturationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular Multiphoton Spectroscopy with Ionization Detection

Johnson¹,

Otis²

1981

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

196

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“…As changes in overlap of the two beams could have occurred during the course of a scan due to slight fluctuations in the position and shape of the ion beam, the reproducibility of the measurements over the full range of intensities was checked over the course of the data acquisition. At high intensities, saturation in the sequential removal of the two electrons was demonstrated as the ion yield increases in proportion to I 1:5 due to the expansion of the focal volume [20].…”

Section: 223001 (2004) P H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R S mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Rescattering in Intense, Femtosecond Laser Interactions with a Negative Ion

et al. 2004

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It is now well established that energetic electron emission, nonsequential ionization, and high harmonic generation, produced during the interaction of intense, femtosecond laser pulses with atoms (and atomic positive ions), can be explained by invoking rescattering of the active electron in the laser field, the so-called rescattering mechanism. In contrast for negative ions, the role of rescattering has not been established experimentally. By irradiating F ÿ ions with ultrashort laser pulses, F ion yields as a function of intensity for both linearly and circularly polarized light have been measured. We find that, at intensities well below saturation for F production by sequential ionization, there is a small but significant enhancement in the yield for the case of linearly polarized light, providing the first clear experimental evidence for the existence of the rescattering mechanism in negative ions.

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“…The effect of a Gaussian laser beam profile on the ionization yield following multiphoton absorption in gases of atoms has been investigated earlier. 6,7 It was shown that at high enough laser fluences, the increase of ion yield with fluence is determined by the increase of the interaction volume between the laser beam and gas. This work differs from the present one in two aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy distributions in multiple photon absorption experiments

Mehlig

Hansen

Hedén

et al. 2004

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Photofragmentation experiments on molecules and clusters often involve multiple photon absorption. The distributions of the absorbed number of photons are frequently approximated by Poisson distributions. For realistic laser beam profiles, this approximation fails seriously due to the spatial variation of the mean number of absorbed photons across the laser beam. We calculate the distribution of absorbed energy for various laser and molecular-beam parameters. For a Gaussian laser beam, the spatially averaged distributions have a power-law behavior for low energy with a cutoff at an energy which is proportional to fluence. The power varies between -1 for an almost parallel laser beam and -5/2 for a divergent beam (on the scale of the molecular beam). We show that the experimental abundance spectra of fullerenes and small carbon clusters can be used to reconstruct the distribution of internal energy in the excited C60 molecule prior to fragmentation and find good agreement with the calculated curves.

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Multiphoton ionization yield curves for gaussian laser beams

Cited by 75 publications

References 5 publications

Molecular Multiphoton Spectroscopy with Ionization Detection

Molecular Multiphoton Spectroscopy with Ionization Detection

Evidence for Rescattering in Intense, Femtosecond Laser Interactions with a Negative Ion

Energy distributions in multiple photon absorption experiments

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