Multiple adverse experiences and child cognitive development

Guinosso, Stephanie A.; Johnson, Sara B.; Riley, Anne W.

doi:10.1038/pr.2015.195

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…16 Building on the adult ACE study noted previously, more recent studies show that ACEs are prevalent among US children and that their associations with chronic illness status start early in life and can have a range of effects on development during childhood, including engagement in school and other factors important to health across the life course. [17][18][19] Adversity is often associated with different levels of income. Because income and wealth inequality has become more pronounced in the United States over the past 30 years, dichotomous classifications of social adversity solely on the basis of the federal poverty level (FPL; ie, poor vs nonpoor) have been supplemented by assessments of inequality measured according to gradients in income.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Income Inequality and the Differential Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences in US Children

Halfon

Larson

Son

et al. 2017

Academic Pediatrics

136

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Income Inequality and the Differential Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences in US Children

Halfon

Larson

Son

et al. 2017

Academic Pediatrics

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Children who were exposed to adverse events at a younger age experience higher rates of PTSD, social, and emotional problems during childhood (Burke, Hellman, Scott, Weems, & Carrion, 2011;Grasso, Dierkhising, Branson, Ford, & Lee, 2016;Lev-Wiesel & Sternberg, 2012;Marie-Mitchell & O'Connor, 2013). Other childhood outcomes include poor cognition, which can persist into adulthood (Stephanie, Sara, & Anne, 2015). Further, researchers have found the age of exposure to adverse events is important, with traumatic experiences earlier in childhood having a more significant negative health impact across the lifespan than events occurring in late adolescences or early adulthood (Ogle, Rubin, & Siegler, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Risk of Childhood Delays in Children Ages 1–5

Cprek

Williamson

McDaniel

et al. 2019

Child Adolesc Soc Work J

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been found to be important contributors to negative health outcomes throughout the lifespan. Birth to 5 years represent a critical period for brain development impacting cognitive, emotional, and social competencies. This study aims to determine the association between overall ACE score and risk of developmental, social, or behavioral delay in a sample of children ages 1-5 years from the National Survey of Children's Health (N = 21,139). Approximately 1 in 4 (27.3%) children were found to have moderate to high risk of developmental, social, or behavioral delays. A dose-response relationship was found between ACEs and risk of delay with results ranging from 24.2% among children with 0 ACEs to 42.2% among those with 4 or more ACEs. Additional ACEs increased risk of delay by 17%. (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.09-1.25). The data currently supports a strong correlation between ACE score and risk of delay among children ages 1-5.

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“…The multiple individual risk model is also more sensitive in that it can allow frequency and severity of speci c events to be considered in a statistical model when such information is available, while in a cumulative risk approach a threshold has to be de ned for 'exposure'. Timing, frequency and severity of adverse events are known risk factors for several adult outcomes (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Cumulative Risk and Multiple Individual Risk Models of the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Adult Health Outcomes

LaNoue

George

Helitzer

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background A majority of the documented relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adult health outcomes are based in cross-sectional self-reported datasources such as the CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Despite using the same or similar questions, there is a great deal of inconsistency in the operationalization of self-reported childhood adversity for use as a predictor variable. A cumulative risk model, resulting in a cumulative numeric ‘ACE Score’, is normative but there are differences in the way the ACE Score is calculated and used in statistical models. Alternative conceptual models are rarely used, even though predictor characterization directly impacts interpretations about the effects of adversity on outcomes. We investigated differences in model fit and performance between the cumulative ACE Score and a ‘multiple individual risk’ model that enters individual ACE events individually into prediction models. Methods We merged the 2011–2012 BRFSS data (N = 56,640) and analyzed 3 self-report outcomes. We compared model fit metrics and used Vuong’s test for model selection to arrive at a best fit model. Results The multiple individual risk model was a better fit than the categorical ACE Score for the ‘lifetime history of depression’ outcome. For the outcomes of obesity and cardiac disease, the cumulative risk and multiple individual risks models were of comparable fit, but yield very different inferences. Conclusions Additional information-rich inferences about ACE-health relationships can be obtained from including a multiple individual risk modeling strategy, either in addition to or in place of a cumulative risk ACE Score.

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Multiple adverse experiences and child cognitive development

Cited by 66 publications

References 67 publications

Income Inequality and the Differential Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences in US Children

Income Inequality and the Differential Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences in US Children

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Risk of Childhood Delays in Children Ages 1–5

Contrasting Cumulative Risk and Multiple Individual Risk Models of the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Adult Health Outcomes

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