“…Rapid testing is the primary tool for clinically monitoring viral infections and developing appropriate treatments. Against the most prevalent viral pathogens circulating in goose, like Goose parvovirus (GPV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), goose herpesvirus (GHV), and goose adenovirus (GAV), several molecular assays have been developed for clinical diagnosis in the past few years by using either genomic detection methods such as PCR or antigen detection methods such as ELISA ( Chen et al, 2009 ; Guo et al, 2009 ; Wan et al, 2019 ; Wu et al, 2019 ; Tomar et al, 2021 ). Also, several duplex detection assays were developed for rapid screening of multiple pathogens, usually by duplex PCR ( Kong et al, 2007 ; Chen et al, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2020 ).…”