Multiple astrocyte responses to lysophosphatidic acids

Steiner, Marion R.; Urso, Jan R; Klein, Jennifer C.; Steiner, Sheldon M.

doi:10.1016/s1388-1981(02)00150-6

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…1B). This result demonstrates that cerebral cortical astrocytes are responsive to LPA under our culture conditions and is consistent with the known effects of LPA receptor activation (47).The effects of LPA in astrocytes can be triggered by multiple receptor subtypes (39,40,48,49). Recently, two new LPAR subtypes, LPA 4 , and LPA 5 , were reported (50, 51).…”

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confidence: 88%

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Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor-dependent Secondary Effects via Astrocytes Promote Neuronal Differentiation

Spohr

Choi

Gardell

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a simple phospholipid derived from cell membranes that has extracellular signaling properties mediated by at least five G protein-coupled receptors referred to as LPA 1 -LPA 5 . In the nervous system, receptormediated LPA signaling has been demonstrated to influence a range of cellular processes; however, an unaddressed aspect of LPA signaling is its potential to produce specific secondary effects, whereby LPA receptor-expressing cells exposed to, or "primed," by LPA may then act on other cells via distinct, yet LPA-initiated, mechanisms.In the present study, we examined cerebral cortical astrocytes as possible indirect mediators of the effects of LPA on developing cortical neurons. Cultured astrocytes express at least four LPA receptor subtypes, known as LPA 1 -LPA 4 . Cerebral cortical astrocytes primed by LPA exposure were found to increase neuronal differentiation of cortical progenitor cells. Treatment of unprimed astrocyte-progenitor cocultures with conditioned medium derived from LPA-primed astrocytes yielded similar results, suggesting the involvement of an astrocyte-derived soluble factor induced by LPA. At least two LPA receptor subtypes are involved in LPA priming, since the priming effect was lost in astrocytes derived from LPA receptor double-null mice (LPA 1 (؊/؊) /LPA 2 (؊/؊) ). Moreover, the loss of LPAdependent differentiation in receptor double-null astrocytes could be rescued by retrovirally transduced expression of a single deleted receptor. These data demonstrate that receptor-mediated LPA signaling in astrocytes can induce LPA-dependent, indirect effects on neuronal differentiation.Lysophospholipids, such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) 4 and sphingosine 1-phosphate, are membrane-derived bioactive lipid mediators. LPs affect many biological processes, including neurogenesis, angiogenesis, would healing, immunity, and carcinogenesis through activation of specific G protein-coupled receptors (1-4).LPA receptors are expressed by most neural cell types and are involved in several developmental processes within the nervous system, including normal brain development and function (2,5,6), growth and folding of the cerebral cortex (7), growth cone and process retraction (8 -10), cell survival (7, 11), cell migration (12), cell adhesion (13), and proliferation (2, 7). These observations underscore the importance of lipid signaling in normal and pathological nervous system development.Neuron-glia interactions play an important role in many neurodevelopmental processes, including neurogenesis (14 -16), neuronal migration (17), axonal guidance (18 -22), myelination (23), synapse formation (24), and glial maturation (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type, produce most of the extracellular matrix components and neurotrophic factors in the central nervous system that are involved in axonal growth (18,19,22,32), neuronal proliferation, survival, and stem cell fate determination (14,19,20,26,(33)(34)(35)(36)(37).Astrocytes have been shown to...

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confidence: 88%

“…The effects of LPA in astrocytes can be triggered by multiple receptor subtypes (39,40,48,49). Recently, two new LPAR subtypes, LPA 4 , and LPA 5 , were reported (50,51).…”

Section: Characterization Of Lpa Receptor (Lpar) Gene Expression Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor-dependent Secondary Effects via Astrocytes Promote Neuronal Differentiation

Spohr

Choi

Gardell

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…This variation in protocol might account for Supplemental Material can be found at: ( 74 ). Following CNS injury, ischemia, or events that damage the blood brain barrier, LPA-like activity increased within the cerebrospinal fl uid , levels of LPA within the CNS increased up to 10 µM (75)(76)(77)(78), and levels of ATX increased within astrocytes neighboring a lesion of the adult rat brain ( 79 ). Our data using human cells suggest that the presence of LPA in regions of neurogenesis within the CNS may modify NS/PC survival and differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rho/ROCK pathway is essential to the expansion, differentiation, and morphological rearrangements of human neural stem/progenitor cells induced by lysophosphatidic acid

Frisca

Crombie

Dottori

et al. 2013

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…LPA also induces cellular migration and invasion in fibroblasts or some cancer cells, such as ovarian cancer cells [6,7]. In terms of cell surface receptors for LPA, certain type of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) such as LPA 1 , LPA 2 , and LPA 3 have been reported [8,9]. In addition to LPA, other lysophospholipids including lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) and lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) also reported to act as bioactive lipid ligands [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPE can be generated from the hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine, a component of cell membrane, by phospholipase A 2 . Recently LPE in Grifola frondosa was reported to stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase, resulting in antiapoptotic activity in PC12 cells [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysophosphatidylethanolamine stimulates chemotactic migration and cellular invasion in SK‐OV3 human ovarian cancer cells: Involvement of pertussis toxin‐sensitive G‐protein coupled receptor

Park¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2007

FEBS Letters

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We investigated whether lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) modulates cellular signaling in different cell types. SK-OV3 ovarian cancer cells and OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells were responsive to LPE. LPE-stimulated intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) increase was inhibited by U-73122, suggesting that LPE stimulates calcium signaling via phospholipase C activation. Moreover, pertussis toxin (PTX) almost completely inhibited [Ca 2+ ] i increase by LPE, indicating the involvement of PTX-sensitive G-proteins. Furthermore, we found that LPE stimulated chemotactic migration and cellular invasion in SK-OV3 ovarian cancer cells. We examined the role of lysophosphatidic acid receptors on LPE-stimulated cellular responses using HepG2 cells transfected with different LPA receptors, and found that LPE failed to stimulate nuclear factor kappa B-driven luciferase. We suggest that LPE stimulates a membrane bound receptor, different from well known LPA receptors, resulting in chemotactic migration and cellular invasion in SK-OV3 ovarian cancer cells.

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Multiple astrocyte responses to lysophosphatidic acids

Cited by 43 publications

References 73 publications

Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor-dependent Secondary Effects via Astrocytes Promote Neuronal Differentiation

Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor-dependent Secondary Effects via Astrocytes Promote Neuronal Differentiation

Rho/ROCK pathway is essential to the expansion, differentiation, and morphological rearrangements of human neural stem/progenitor cells induced by lysophosphatidic acid

Lysophosphatidylethanolamine stimulates chemotactic migration and cellular invasion in SK‐OV3 human ovarian cancer cells: Involvement of pertussis toxin‐sensitive G‐protein coupled receptor

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