Multiple causes of the Younger Dryas cold period

Renssen, H.; Mairesse, Aurélien; Goosse, Hugues; Mathiot, Pierre; Heiri, Oliver; Roche, Didier M.; Nisancioglu, Kerim H.; Valdes, Paul J.

doi:10.1038/ngeo2557

Cited by 129 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The AMOC strength is known to be crucial in the development (or not) of a YD-like event in the moment of meltwater discharge due to the deglaciation (33). In that way, the dissimilarities between YD and S8.1 do not rule out definitely the hypothesis of an analog of the YD event in T-III, but are in line with the view of the YD as a very particular abrupt change triggered by complex and multiple processes (34).…”

Section: Millennial-scale Stadial Events In the Context Of Last Threesupporting

confidence: 67%

Abrupt climate changes during Termination III in Southern Europe

Pérez‐Mejías

Moreno

Sancho

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The Late Quaternary glacial-interglacial transitions represent the highest amplitude climate changes over the last million years. Unraveling the sequence of events and feedbacks at Termination III (T-III), including potential abrupt climate reversals similar to those of the last Termination, has been particularly challenging due to the scarcity of well-dated records worldwide. Here, we present speleothem data from southern Europe covering the interval from 262.7 to 217.9 kyBP, including the transition from marine isotope stage (MIS) 8 to MIS 7e. High-resolution δ 13 C, δ 18 O, and Mg/Ca profiles reveal major millennial-scale changes in aridity manifested in changing water availability and vegetation productivity. uranium-thorium dates provide a solid chronology for two millennial-scale events (S8.1 and S8.2) which, compared with the last two terminations, has some common features with Heinrich 1 and Heinrich 2 in Termination I (T-I).terminations | stalagmite | stadial event | stable isotopes |

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Section: Millennial-scale Stadial Events In the Context Of Last Threesupporting

confidence: 67%

Abrupt climate changes during Termination III in Southern Europe

Pérez‐Mejías

Moreno

Sancho

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Our hypothesis that the YD was triggered by the LSE and amplified by a positive feedback is further supported by modelling results suggesting that a combination of a moderate negative radiative cooling, AMOC weakening, and altered atmospheric 195 circulation best explain the YD (Renssen et al, 2015). Furthermore, AMOC consists of both thermohaline and wind-driven components, and atmospheric circulation changes can therefore dramatically affect oceanic advection of warm water to the North Atlantic.…”

Section: The Nature Of the Positive Feedbacksupporting

confidence: 60%

Re-evaluating the link between the Laacher See volcanic eruption and the Younger Dryas

Baldini

Brown

Mawdsley

2017

Preprint

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Abstract. The Younger Dryas is the most well-documented millennial-scale cooling event of the Quaternary, but the mechanisms responsible for its initiation remain elusive. Here we use a recently revised chronology for the GISP2 ice core ion dataset to identify a large volcanic sulphur spike coincident with both the sulphur-rich Laacher See volcanic eruption and the onset of Younger Dryas-related cooling (GS-1) in Greenland. Lake sediment and stalagmite records confirm that the 10 eruption's timing was indistinguishable from the onset of cooling across the North Atlantic, but that it preceded westerly wind repositioning over central Europe by ~200 years. We suggest that the initial short-lived volcanic sulphate aerosol cooling was amplified by oceanic circulation shifts or sea ice expansion, gradually cooling the North Atlantic region and incrementally shifting the mid-latitude westerlies to the south. The aerosol-related cooling probably only lasted 2-4 years, and the majority of Younger Dryas-related cooling was instead due to this positive feedback, which was particularly 15 effective during the intermediate ice volume conditions characteristic of ~13 ka BP. We conclude that the large and sulphurrich Laacher See eruption should be considered a viable trigger for the Younger Dryas.

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“…3; Buczkó et al, 2012). This abrupt decrease in inferred pH was most likely the result of a seasonality shift, which caused longer and colder winters and thus prolonged winter ice cover for the first half of GS-1, while summer temperature conditions changed only slightly in the South Carpathians and in Central Eastern Europe (Heiri et al, 2014;Renssen et al, 2015). In the second part of the GS-1 cooling episode, between ca.…”

Section: 200-11700 Cal Yr Bp: Seasonality Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limnological changes in South Carpathian glacier-formed lakes (Retezat Mountains, Romania) during the Late Glacial and the Holocene: A synthesis

Tóth

Buczkó

Specziár

et al. 2018

Quaternary International

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Remains of aquatic biota preserved in mountain lake sediments provide an excellent tool to study lake ecosystem responses to past climate change. In the PROLONG project a multiproxy study was performed on sediments of glacier-formed lakes from the Retezat Mountains, Southern Carpathians (Romania). The studied lakes (Lake Brazi and Gales) are situated on the northern slope of the mountain at different altitudes (1740 m and 1990 m a.s.l.). Our main objectives were 1) to describe the main limnological changes in these lakes during the last ca.15,000 years and 2) to summarize the environmental history of the studied lakes based on taxonomical and functional patterns of the biological proxies. For this synthesis we used the results of diatom and chironomid analyses, and indirect biotic and abiotic parameters, including sediment organic matter (LOI) content, geochemical element concentrations (Al, Ca, S, Sr) and biogenic silica content. Using multivariate numerical approaches we analysed changes in the assemblage structure of siliceous algae and chironomids, compared temporal patterns among proxies, examined the relationship between potential driving factors, chironomid and diatom assemblage changes and identified paleolimnological phases of the lake successions. Changes in assemblage composition and aquatic ecosystem state apparently followed summer insolation, local climatic conditions and local productivity changes driven by these. Diatom and chironomid assemblages generally changed in a similar direction and at a similar time within a lake, but differed to some extent between Lake Brazi and Gales. At both lakes the strongest variations were observed in the Late Glacial and the first half of the Holocene. The strongest Holocene assemblage changes took place in the earliest Holocene in Lake Brazi, but extened into the mid-Holocene in Lake Gales, following long-term insolation changes and climatic changes. In addition, three common zone boundaries were identified: at ca. 14,200 and at ca. 6500 cal yr BP for every records and at ca. 3100 cal yr BP for diatom records in both of the lakes and for the chironomid record of Lake Brazi. This multi-proxy synthesis provides comprehensive data that increase our understanding of the past variability of lake ecosystem functioning and biodiversity in East-Central Europe.

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Multiple causes of the Younger Dryas cold period

Cited by 129 publications

References 30 publications

Abrupt climate changes during Termination III in Southern Europe

Abrupt climate changes during Termination III in Southern Europe

Re-evaluating the link between the Laacher See volcanic eruption and the Younger Dryas

Limnological changes in South Carpathian glacier-formed lakes (Retezat Mountains, Romania) during the Late Glacial and the Holocene: A synthesis

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