Multiple Cephalic Malformations in a Calf

Muro, Giorgia Di; Cagnotti, Giulia; Bellino, Claudio; Capucchio, Maria Teresa; Colombino, Elena; D’Angelo, Antonio

doi:10.3390/ani10091532

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It was hypothesized that a sac-like structure would have been enclosing the head, which may have ruptured during birth exposing the cranial defects. Presence of fluidfilled sac-like structure was reported in the case of meningoencephalocoele in calves (Yaman et al, 2013 andDi Muro et al, 2020). The posterior part of the head was not covered by skin and showed two separate cranial defects in the parietal region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Dreyer and Preston, (1974) observed thirteen dogs with complete bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate out of total number of thirty five cases of various forms of cleft lip and palate. Di Muro et al(2020) reported a crossbred calf with meningoceole through the cranioschisis at frontal region along with median cleft lip, cleft palate, hypertelorism and prognathism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Congenital defects of the central nervous system (CNS) can affect only the CNS or the craniofacial skeleton and the CNS. Meningoencephalocele is the exposure or protrusion of the meninges and brain through a defect in the cranium (cranium bifidum or cranioschisis) (Di Muro et al, 2020). Regarding the occurrence of congenital abnormalities, carnivores are mostly affected by hereditary anomalies whereas herbivores are affected by natural or synthetic teratogens producing congenital deformations (Camon et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gross Anatomical Study of Congenital Meningoencephalocoele and Craniofacial Deformities in A Kid

Lavanya

Basha

Yamini

et al. 2021

IJAR

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Background: Occurrence of congenital anomalies are less common in small ruminants, especially in goats compared to sheep. Most common cause for the congenital deformities in new born ruminants is due to the ingestion of toxic plants during gestation. Congenital meningoencephalocoele with associated craniofacial deformities is a rare occurrence in goats. Materials: A day old crossbred kid was presented with cranial defects and protrusion of brain through the defect. Detailed examination of the animal revealed cranioschisis in the frontal and parietal region along with presence of cleft lip, cleft palate and accessory ear lobe on the right side. Herniation of meninges and brain was exposed directly and was not covered by skin. There were two parietal cranial defects separated by a plate of bone. Result: Postmortem examination of the animal showed bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate with lateral deviation of nasal septum and deformation of premaxillary region. On reflection of skin over the frontal region, revealed frontal cranioschisis and the brain was situated subcutaneously. There were total of three cranial defects (two in the parietal and one in the frontal region) separated by small plates of bone in between them. This present study explains the anatomical aspects of cranioschisis, meningoencephalocoele, cleft lip, cleft palate and associated craniofacial abnormalities in a day old kid.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gross Anatomical Study of Congenital Meningoencephalocoele and Craniofacial Deformities in A Kid

Lavanya

Basha

Yamini

et al. 2021

IJAR

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Feasibility of 16S rRNA sequencing for cerebrospinal fluid microbiome analysis in cattle with neurological disorders: a pilot study

et al. 2022

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Bacterial infection of the central nervous system (CNS) in cattle requires prompt and adequate antimicrobial treatment. The current gold standard for antemortem etiological diagnosis is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture, which often yields false negative results. CSF has long been considered a sterile district in healthy patients, but this notion has been recently challenged. For this pilot study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the microbial composition of CSF of cattle presenting with CNS disorders and to compare it between subjects with CNS infections and with CNS disorders of other nature. The study sample was 10 animals: 4 presenting with CNS infectious-inflammatory diseases and 6 with other CNS disorders, based on definitive diagnosis. Since the initial round of a standard 16S rRNA PCR did not yield sufficient genetic material for sequencing in any of the samples, the protocol was modified to increase its sensitivity. Bacterial genetic material was identified in 6 animals and 2 groups were formed: an infectious inflammatory (n = 3) and a noninfectious inflammatory group (n = 3). The most frequently expressed bacterial families were Pseudomonadaceae (44.61%), Moraxellaceae (19.54%), Mycobacteriaceae (11.80%); the genera were Pseudomonas (45.42%), Acinetobacter (19.91%), Mycobacterium (12.01%). There were no detectable differences in the CSF microbial composition of the samples from the two groups. Sequencing of bacterial DNA present in the CSF was possible only after increasing PCR sensitivity. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed the presence of a microbial community in the CSF in cattle with neurological disorders. Further studies, in which CSF samples from healthy animals and samples from the environment are included as controls, are needed.

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Simental Irkı Bir Buzağıda Şilognatopalatoşizi Olgusu: Nadir Bir Olgu

Durmuş

Polat

2022

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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The subject of this study was a 7-day-old female Simmental calf brought to Firat University Veterinary Faculty Animal Hospital Surgery Clinic with the complaint of cleft in the upper lip and palate. In the clinical examination, it was determined that the calf had respiratory difficulties and the nostrils were not formed normally. The calf was diagnosed with cheilognathopalatoschisis. Palatoplasty and reconstructive surgery were performed on the calf for the treatment of the rarely encountered case. The mucosa of the cleft hard palate was freed by dissecting from the os palatinum on both sides. Then, the hard palate was repaired by suturing the mucosal 2 edges mutually. Palatal and alveolar clefts were repaired using Veau's technique. During the post-operative interview with the patient's owner, it was learned that the calf had difficulty in swallowing during feeding. It was determined that the calf died on the 8th postoperative day due to aspiration pneumonia that developed due to the absence of probable swallowing reflex.

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Multiple Cephalic Malformations in a Calf

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Gross Anatomical Study of Congenital Meningoencephalocoele and Craniofacial Deformities in A Kid

Gross Anatomical Study of Congenital Meningoencephalocoele and Craniofacial Deformities in A Kid

Feasibility of 16S rRNA sequencing for cerebrospinal fluid microbiome analysis in cattle with neurological disorders: a pilot study

Simental Irkı Bir Buzağıda Şilognatopalatoşizi Olgusu: Nadir Bir Olgu

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