Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of cefonicid in patients with impaired renal function

Phelps, Roger; Conte, John E.

doi:10.1128/aac.29.5.913

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The long serum half-life of 4.0 to 4.9 h of cefonicid allows administration on a one-dose basis to provide perioperative and postoperative antibacterial activity in both serum and the surgical wound site for 24 h (2,4,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cefonicid versus clindamycin prophylaxis for head and neck surgery in a randomized, double-blind trial, with pharmacokinetic implications

Swanson

Maxwell

Johnson

et al. 1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Perioperative single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis of cefonicid was compared with clindamycin in a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial of patients undergoing oncologic head and neck surgery. Antibiotics were administered intravenously beginning 1 to 2 h preoperatively. Cefonicid, 1 g, was given as a single dose. Clindamycin, 600 mg, was administered every 8 h for a total of four doses. Blood and wound drainage samples were collected for 24 h following the dose of cefonicid and assayed for total and free cefonicid concentrations, using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Although total concentrations of cefonicid in both serum and wound drainage exceeded the MIC for 90% of the isolates of common bacterial pathogens for 24 h, free concentrations in serum and wound drainage (11.0 and 14.9% of total concentrations) were subinhibitory within 6 h following administration. Free concentrations of cefonicid in the postoperative wound drainage were subinhibitory for the entire study period, both perioperatively and postoperatively. Postoperative wound infection occurred significantly (P < 0.05) more frequently in patients receiving cefonicid (24%) as compared with those receiving clindamycin (8.2%). The relatively low free levels of cefonicid achieved in serum and wound drainage were attributed to the high degree of protein binding (89% in serum) and may be related to the poor clinical outcome.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cefonicid versus clindamycin prophylaxis for head and neck surgery in a randomized, double-blind trial, with pharmacokinetic implications

Swanson

Maxwell

Johnson

et al. 1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Previous studies in young and elderly patients confirm that peak concentrations of about 100 μg/mL are achieved immediately after intravenous administration, and detectable levels persist for 24 hours 4–6 . Cefonicid is primarily excreted by renal clearance, and its half‐life is prolonged in patients with impaired renal function 7 . The elderly have decreased renal clearance, and, therefore, single daily dose therapy has been recommended 6 …”

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confidence: 99%

Disposition of Intramuscular Cefonicid in Elderly Patients

Karki

Bentley

Luzier

et al. 1993

J American Geriatrics Society

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Evaluation of a novel method to estimate absolute bioavailability of drugs from oral data

Hinderling¹

2002

Biopharm & Drug Disp

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The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of a novel method allowing estimation of absolute bioavailability from oral data only. In contrast to the traditional method, which compares areas under the drug concentration time curves after oral and intravenous administration in subjects with normal renal function, the novel method uses total and renal clearance values following oral administration from subjects with varying renal functions to estimate bioavailability. The novel method can also provide estimates for nonrenal clearance.Published data on total clearance and renal clearance of drugs obtained from subjects with variable renal functions were collected, the novel method applied, estimates of bioavailability and nonrenal clearance obtained and compared with reported estimates by the traditional methods. In addition computations were performed to assess various factors that could possibly affect the reliability of the novel method. The results indicated that the novel method provides accurate estimates for bioavailability of drugs meeting the prerequisites: linear kinetics, predominant renal excretion in normals, absence of metabolic polymorphism and independence of bioavailability and nonrenal clearance from renal function. The average (standard deviation) of the prediction error and bias of the bioavailability estimates by the novel method was 7.8 (6.0) and -1.4 (9.8)%, respectively. The estimates for nonrenal clearance by the novel method were less accurate. The computations confirmed that the estimates by the novel method are sensitive to renal-function dependent changes in nonrenal clearance and bioavailability and also depend on the extent of renal excretion of a drug. In conclusion, the novel method's main use is to diagnose absence or presence of changes in bioavailability and non-renal clearance of drugs in populations with varying renal function.

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Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of cefonicid in patients with impaired renal function

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Cefonicid versus clindamycin prophylaxis for head and neck surgery in a randomized, double-blind trial, with pharmacokinetic implications

Cefonicid versus clindamycin prophylaxis for head and neck surgery in a randomized, double-blind trial, with pharmacokinetic implications

Disposition of Intramuscular Cefonicid in Elderly Patients

Evaluation of a novel method to estimate absolute bioavailability of drugs from oral data

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