Multiple facets of biodiversity drive the diversity–stability relationship

Craven, Dylan; Eisenhauer, Nico; Pearse, William D.; Hautier, Yann; Isbell, Forest; Roscher, Christiane; Bahn, Michael; Beierkuhnlein, Carl; Bönisch, Gerhard; Buchmann, Nina; Byun, Chaeho; Catford, Jane A.; Cerabolini, Bruno E. L.; Cornelissen, Johannes H. C.; Craine, Joseph M.; Luca, Enrica De; Ebeling, Anne; Griffin, John N.; Héctor, Andy; Hines, Jes; Jentsch, Anke; Kattge, Jens; Kreyling, Jüergen; Lanta, Vojtěch; Lemoine, Nathan P.; Meyer, Sebastian T.; Minden, Vanessa; Онипченко, В. Г.; Polley, H. Wayne; Reich, Peter B.; Ruijven, Jasper van; Schamp, Brandon S.; Smith, Melinda D.; Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.; Tilman, David; Weigelt, Alexandra; Wilsey, Brian J.; Manning, Peter

doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0647-7

Cited by 394 publications

(556 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Functional diversity explained ecosystem multifunctionality better than phylogenetic diversity, perhaps because some of the traits that determine functioning in our system may not be phylogenetically conserved (Srivastava et al 2012). This supports recent findings by Craven et al (2018) and Garc ıa-Palacios et al (2018), which suggest that multiple aspects of diversity may determine ecosystem functioning simultaneously. This is further supported by the lack of correlation between phylogenetic and functional diversity at our sites (Appendix S1: Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Landscape context explains ecosystem multifunctionality in restored grasslands better than plant diversity

Zirbel

Grman

Bassett

et al. 2019

Ecology

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There is strong evidence for a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning at local spatial scales. However, how different aspects of biodiversity relate to multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality) across heterogeneous landscapes, and how the magnitude of biodiversity, dominant species, and environmental effects on functioning compare, remain poorly understood. We compared relationships between plant phylogenetic, functional, and taxonomic diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality across 29 restored grasslands. Functional diversity was positively associated with multifunctionality, more strongly than other diversity measures; however, landscape composition explained nearly four times more variation in multifunctionality than did functional diversity, with plots within human-modified landscapes supporting lower multifunctionality. Individual functions were typically more strongly correlated with environmental variables than with diversity. We also found that abundance of the dominant species, Andropogon gerardii, was positively correlated with multifunctionality. Plant diversity, dominant species, and underlying environmental conditions underpin ecosystem multifunctionality in grasslands, but how biodiversity is measured matters for the strength and direction of biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships. Finally, in natural systems environmental variation unrelated to local biodiversity is important for determining ecosystem functioning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Landscape context explains ecosystem multifunctionality in restored grasslands better than plant diversity

Zirbel

Grman

Bassett

et al. 2019

Ecology

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“…For half a century, the question of how much communities with different characteristics vary over time has been one of the most researched topics of ecology (Craven et al, ; Isbell et al, ; MacArthur, ; May, ; Tilman, ; Tilman et al, ). The vast majority of studies on the effects of biodiversity on stability have largely focused on loss of species (Tilman et al, ), whereas species asynchrony may be a stronger driver of stability (Blüthgen et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting latitudinal patterns in diversity and stability in a high‐latitude species‐rich moth community

Antão

Pöyry

Leinonen

et al. 2020

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim Biodiversity is currently undergoing rapid restructuring across the globe. However, the nature of biodiversity change is not well understood, as community‐level changes may hide differential responses in individual population trajectories. Here, we quantify spatio‐temporal community and stability dynamics using a long‐term high‐quality moth monitoring dataset. Location Finland, Northern Europe. Time period 1993–2012. Major taxa studied Nocturnal moths (Lepidoptera). Methods We quantified patterns of change in species richness, total abundance, dominance and temporal variability at different organizational levels over a 20 year period and along a latitudinal gradient of 1,100 km. We used mixed‐effects and linear models to quantify temporal trends for the different community and stability metrics and to test for latitudinal (or longitudinal) effects. Results We found contrasting patterns for different community metrics, and strong latitudinal patterns. While total moth abundance has declined, species richness has simultaneously increased over the study period, but with rates accelerating with latitude. In addition, we revealed a latitudinal pattern in temporal variability—the northernmost locations exhibited higher variability over time, as quantified by both metrics of richness and aggregated species population trends. Main conclusions When combined, our findings likely reflect an influx of species expanding their ranges poleward in response to warming. The overall decline in abundance and the latitudinal effect on temporal variability highlight potentially severe consequences of global change for community structure and integrity across high‐latitude regions. Importantly, our results underscore that increases in species richness may be paralleled by a loss of individuals, which in turn might affect higher trophic levels. Our findings suggest that the ongoing global species redistribution is affecting both community structure and stability over time, leading to compounded and partly opposing effects of global change depending on which biodiversity dimension we focus on.

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“…To fully understand the involvement of root exudation in ecosystem response to drought, and other environmental stresses, a number of factors require greater attention. Understanding root exudation patterns and responses in mixed communities might help to explain why more diverse communities are both more tolerant to disturbance (Ingrisch et al ., ) and exhibit greater long‐term stability (Craven et al ., ). Furthermore, long‐term studies focusing on root exudates during drought recovery and successive drought events are nonexistent, and are needed to quantify the role of root exudation on more ecologically relevant timescales.…”

Section: Outlook: Advancing and Solidifying Our Understanding Of The mentioning

confidence: 97%

Plant root exudation under drought: implications for ecosystem functioning

2019

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Summary Root exudates are a pathway for plant–microbial communication and play a key role in ecosystem response to environmental change. Here, we collate recent evidence that shows that plants of different growth strategies differ in their root exudation, that root exudates can select for beneficial soil microbial communities, and that drought affects the quantity and quality of root exudation. We use this evidence to argue for a central involvement of root exudates in plant and microbial response to drought and propose a framework for understanding how root exudates influence ecosystem form and function during and after drought. Specifically, we propose that fast‐growing plants modify their root exudates to recruit beneficial microbes that facilitate their regrowth after drought, with cascading impacts on their abundance and ecosystem functioning. We identify outstanding questions and methodological challenges that need to be addressed to advance and solidify our comprehension of the importance of root exudates in ecosystem response to drought.

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Multiple facets of biodiversity drive the diversity–stability relationship

Cited by 394 publications

References 107 publications

Landscape context explains ecosystem multifunctionality in restored grasslands better than plant diversity

Landscape context explains ecosystem multifunctionality in restored grasslands better than plant diversity

Contrasting latitudinal patterns in diversity and stability in a high‐latitude species‐rich moth community

Plant root exudation under drought: implications for ecosystem functioning

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