Multiple ferroelectric nematic phases of a highly polar liquid crystal compound

Intrinsically chiral ferronematic liquid crystals: An inversion of the helical twist sense at the chiral nematic – Chiral ferronematic phase transition

“…The current peak was integrated over time to calculate the surface electric charge and evaluate polarization value. It was checked that under such conditions the saturated values of polarization were obtained, and thus it was not necessary to use in-plane switching method, proposed in previous reports [1,6,7].…”

“…The recent discovery of the ferroelectric nematic or ferronematic, NF, phase [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] is of profound fundamental and technological importance, and heralds a new field of scientific endeavour in condensed matter, complementing the extensively studied solid ferroelectrics. Previously, polar order in soft matter had been observed only in phases with some degree of positional order, smectic [8-10] and columnar phases [11] or in lyotropic nematics made of polymers [12].…”

Stereoisomer effect on ferroelectric nematics: stabilization and phase behavior diversification

“…This scenario resembles the mechanism of the emergence of relaxor behavior. 25 In contrast to the HL measurement, SHG is an effective method to observe symmetry broken structures, which detects polarity in our systems. The measurements are performed for the mixtures in 5 mm cells.…”

A new order of liquids: polar order in nematic liquid crystals

“…4) in which a fluorine atom is positioned in the 3-position of the central ring. 29 The increase in molecular dipole moment leads to a large increase in spontaneous polarisation, with the reported value of 6.9 mC cm À2 being the largest ever reported for a liquid crystalline system. Imrie et al 30 provided further examples of fluorinated RM734 derivatives, finding one material that exhibits a direct isotropic to N F phase transition (Fig.…”

“…4 Fluorinated derivatives of RM734; transition temperatures (1C) are on cooling from the isotropic liquid. 5,29,30 Green and red arrows indicate increased and decreased T NF-N relative to the parent material, respectively, while a black dash indicates the absence of the N F phase.…”