Multiple fluid theory of cosmic evolution and its thermodynamic analysis

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the modified gravity and scalar field DE model specifically DBI essence model with the analysis of thermodynamics during cosmological evolution. We have used the modified gravity with the form 𝑓(𝑅, 𝑇) = 𝑅 + 2𝜆𝑇 in our calculations. The basic aim behind this paper is to discuss a theory that unifies modified gravity with DE models including the solutions of some cosmological problems like thermodynamics energy conditions violation problems, finite time future singularity problems, initial singularity problem, Cosmic inflation problem, decelerated expansion problem, graceful exit problem, reheating problem, bouncing nature problem, phase transformation-spontaneous symmetry breaking problem, negative heat capacity paradox problem and obviously the present day universe problems (Continuously decreasing temperature problem, present day DE dominated expansion problem). We have established the viscous effects (both positive and negative viscosity) in our calculation and discussed the negative-positive viscosity by introducing two special type of energy cycles. Finally, we have discussed the stability conditions for universe evolution through cosmic perturbation and resolved the instability problems. We have also shown the state finder trajectories for both with and without viscous fluid on the basis of our calculations to compare our research with the results of other independent DE models.

Spectral switch anomalies in a Sagnac interferometer with respect to a Galilean frame

“…The polychromatic source and its spectral content interference output can provide highly sensitive displacement measurements and hence this has been used to analyze the pseudo effect of rotation in our work [28]. Some details analysis of Einstein gravity can also be found in the references [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”