“…Another example aiming at the detection of relevant ions and not only the AND gate, but also more complex logic operations, was reported by Y. Yu et al 71 An upconversion system based on NaYF 4 :Tm 3+ ,Yb 3+ as the energy transfer donor, and the Rhodamine 6G functionalized PEI (polyethyleneimine) (denoted as RFP), as the energy acceptor, was developed for sensing H + , OH − , Cu 2+ , I − and S 2− ions. The presence of amine groups in the structure of the polyethyleneimine enables the recognition of specific elements and the interaction with these molecules leads to an enhancement or quenching of the luminescence emission, due to energy transfer or electron transfer processes.…”