Multiple mating in wild <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> revisited by microsatellite analysis

Imhof, Marianne; Harr, Bettina; Brem, Gottfried; Schlötterer, Christian

doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00382.x

Cited by 136 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Observations from natural populations demonstrates that males persistently court and try to copulate with females as they forage for food and lay eggs (Markow 1988), and this supports the conclusion that the same qualitative forms of interlocus sexual conflict that we study in laboratory island populations are also occurring in nature. Given that the addition of a spatial refuge from persistent male courtship in our laboratory population did not substantially reduce female remating rate, and that high levels of female remating are not uncommon in nature (Harshman & Clark 1998;Imhof et al 1998;Jones & Clark 2003) we think that the male-female interaction present in our laboratory population provide a useful surrogate to the study of natural populations. Overall, we conclude that laboratory island analysis captures the gestalt of evolution in natural populations and thereby provides a powerful window into the evolutionary principles that influence male-female coevolution in nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessing sexual conflict in theDrosophila melanogasterlaboratory model system

Rice

Stewart

Morrow

et al. 2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

115

140

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We describe a graphical model of interlocus coevolution used to distinguish between the interlocus sexual conflict that leads to sexually antagonistic coevolution, and the intrinsic conflict over mating rate that is an integral part of traditional models of sexual selection. We next distinguish the 'laboratory island' approach from the study of both inbred lines and laboratory populations that are newly derived from nature, discuss why we consider it to be one of the most fitting forms of laboratory analysis to study interlocus sexual conflict, and then describe four experiments using this approach with Drosophila melanogaster. The first experiment evaluates the efficacy of the laboratory model system to study interlocus sexual conflict by comparing remating rates of females when they are, or are not, provided with a spatial refuge from persistent male courtship. The second experiment tests for a lag-load in males that is due to adaptations that have accumulated in females, which diminish male-induced harm while simultaneously interfering with a male's ability to compete in the context of sexual selection. The third and fourth experiments test for a lag-load in females owing to direct costs from their interactions with males, and for the capacity for indirect benefits to compensate for these direct costs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessing sexual conflict in theDrosophila melanogasterlaboratory model system

Rice

Stewart

Morrow

et al. 2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

115

140

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“…We can also conclude that copynumber differences can easily be detected from DNA extracted from heterogeneous cell populations, such as that from isofemale strains that are segregating for CNPs. Segregating variation is expected within isofemale strains because of heterozygosity contributed by the collected wild-type female and her multiple wild-type mating partners (10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A portrait of copy-number polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster

Dopman

Hartl

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

138

124

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Thomas Hunt Morgan and colleagues identified variation in gene copy number in Drosophila in the 1920s and 1930s and linked such variation to phenotypic differences [Bridges CB (1936) Science 83:210]. Yet the extent of variation in the number of chromosomes, chromosomal regions, or gene copies, and the importance of this variation within species, remain poorly understood. Here, we focus on copy-number variation in Drosophila melanogaster. We characterize copy-number polymorphism (CNP) across genomic regions, and we contrast patterns to infer the evolutionary processes acting on this variation. Copy-number variation in D. melanogaster is nonrandomly distributed, presumably because of a mutational bias produced by tandem repeats or other mechanisms. Comparisons of coding and noncoding CNPs, however, reveal a strong effect of purifying selection in the removal of structural variation from functionally constrained regions. Most patterns of CNP in D. melanogaster suggest that negative selection and mutational biases are the primary agents responsible for shaping structural variation.centrality ͉ copy-number variation ͉ deletion ͉ duplication ͉ gene expression C opy-number polymorphism (CNP) has a dramatic impact on phenotypic variation within species. In humans, copyvariable regions account for Ͼ15% of the total detected genetic variation in gene expression (1), and some genes contributing to disease are contained within known duplication and deletion polymorphisms (2). In addition to its role in generating trait variation within species, CNP represents the raw material for gene family expansion and gene duplication between species. This raw material has apparently had a major role in evolution because 30-65% of genes in sequenced eukaryotes have been duplicated (3). On a larger scale, differences in the number, orientation, and distribution of chromosome segments are the most distinguishing features characterizing divergence in genome architecture between species. As in the case of gene duplication, the population genetic processes regulating CNP (and other variation) within species drive these exceptional differences in genome architecture (4).Although there is ample incentive to uncover the properties and dynamics of CNP, other than in humans little is known about copy-number variation in natural populations. Open questions remain about how much CNP exists in species' genomes. The observation that two unrelated healthy individuals can differ from one another in copy number across their genome raises uncertainty about the existence of an archetypal number of copies for any particular gene. Related to issues of the extent of CNP are differences in the type of CNP that can be found. Namely, the frequency, degree of dominance, and size of CNPs are largely unknown, as are differences between duplication and deletion polymorphisms. Equally important are the locations, chromosomal properties, and DNA sequence composition of CNPs. Finally, of all of the major issues surrounding CNPs, our knowledge of the evolutionary impli...

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“…Our observation of high female remating frequencies does not appear to be an experimental artefact because it matches data on polyandry in the wild. Wild-caught D. melanogaster females commonly carry sperm from several males and will have offspring from four to five different sires [25,27], indicating that our assay may better model the natural situation than classical assays. Differences in mating frequency may also be linked to genetic variation between populations [36], as implied by the strain specificity of this phenotype (figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila melanogaster females change mating behaviour and offspring production based on social context

et al. 2012

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In Drosophila melanogaster, biological rhythms, aggression and mating are modulated by group size and composition. However, the fitness significance of this group effect is unknown. By varying the composition of groups of males and females, we show that social context affects reproductive behaviour and offspring genetic diversity. Firstly, females mating with males from the same strain in the presence of males from a different strain are infecund, analogous to the Bruce effect in rodents, suggesting a social context-dependent inbreeding avoidance mechanism. Secondly, females mate more frequently in groups composed of males from more than one strain; this mitigates last male sperm precedence and increases offspring genetic diversity. However, smell-impaired Orco mutant females do not increase mating frequency according to group composition; this indicates that social context-dependent changes in reproductive behaviour depend on female olfaction, rather than direct male-male interactions. Further, variation in mating frequency in wild-type strains depends on females and not males. The data show that group composition can affect variance in the reproductive success of its members, and that females play a central role in this process. Social environment can thus influence the evolutionary process.

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Multiple mating in wild Drosophila melanogaster revisited by microsatellite analysis

Cited by 136 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing sexual conflict in theDrosophila melanogasterlaboratory model system

Assessing sexual conflict in theDrosophila melanogasterlaboratory model system

A portrait of copy-number polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster

Drosophila melanogaster females change mating behaviour and offspring production based on social context

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