Multiple Opportunistic Pathogens, but Not Pre-existing Inflammation, May Be Associated with Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Leach, Steven T.; Lui, Kei; Naing, Zin; Dowd, Scot E.; Mitchell, Hazel M.; Day, Andrew S.

doi:10.1007/s10620-015-3830-6

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, specific characteristics have been observed in the microbiota of infants developing NEC. These infants typically exhibit a reduced bacterial diversity in combination with increased levels of potentially pathogenic microorganisms (290,291). However, the trials that have been performed so far have not identified a clear pattern of dysbiosis, though they have repeatedly identified an increased abundance of Proteobacteria as well as Clostridium perfringens preceding NEC development (291)(292)(293)(294)(295).…”

Section: Infant Intestinal Microbiota and The Risk Of Neonatal Patholmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

Milani

Duranti

Bottacini

et al. 2017

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,370

1,189

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The human gut microbiota is engaged in multiple interactions affecting host health during the host's entire life span. Microbes colonize the neonatal gut immediately following birth. The establishment and interactive development of this early gut microbiota are believed to be (at least partially) driven and modulated by specific compounds present in human milk. It has been shown that certain genomes of infant gut commensals, in particular those of bifidobacterial species, are genetically adapted to utilize specific glycans of this human secretory fluid, thus representing a very intriguing example of host-microbe coevolution, where both partners are believed to benefit. In recent years, various metagenomic studies have tried to dissect the composition and functionality of the infant gut microbiome and to explore the distribution across the different ecological niches of the infant gut biogeography of the corresponding microbial consortia, including those corresponding to bacteria and viruses, in healthy and ill subjects. Such analyses have linked certain features of the microbiota/microbiome, such as reduced diversity or aberrant composition, to intestinal illnesses in infants or disease states that are manifested at later stages of life, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and metabolic disorders. Thus, a growing number of studies have reported on how the early human gut microbiota composition/development may affect risk factors related to adult health conditions. This concept has fueled the development of strategies to shape the infant microbiota composition based on various functional food products. In this review, we describe the infant microbiota, the mechanisms that drive its establishment and composition, and how microbial consortia may be molded by natural or artificial interventions. Finally, we discuss the relevance of key microbial players of the infant gut microbiota, in particular bifidobacteria, with respect to their role in health and disease.

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Section: Infant Intestinal Microbiota and The Risk Of Neonatal Patholmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

Milani

Duranti

Bottacini

et al. 2017

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,370

1,189

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, the investigators found that fecal samples had a positive, albeit weak, Pearson's correlation between S100A12 and total bacterial CFU/g feces (r 2 = 0:40, p < 0:01) and E. coli CFU/g feces (r 2 = 0:40, p < 0:01) [55]. This suggests that S100A12 might be used as a noninvasive biomarker to help predict NEC, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in ELBW infants [55][56][57][58]. However, a significant limitation of this study was the small number of patients enrolled (n = 68).…”

Section: S100a12 In Colitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a significant limitation of this study was the small number of patients enrolled (n = 68). A subsequent study revealed that fecal S100A12 concentrations were elevated concomitant with NEC disease progression and that multiple pathogenic bacteria were associated with this disease progression [55,56]. Additional studies by Däbritz and colleagues attempted to determine if longitudinal measurements of fecal S100A12 could detect Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infants at risk for intestinal distress apart from NEC.…”

Section: S100a12 In Colitismentioning

confidence: 99%

S100A12 in Digestive Diseases and Health: A Scoping Review

Carvalho

Francis

et al. 2020

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

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Calgranulin proteins are an important class of molecules involved in innate immunity. These members of the S100 class of the EF-hand family of calcium-binding proteins have numerous cellular and antimicrobial functions. One protein in particular, S100A12 (also called EN-RAGE or calgranulin C), is highly abundant in neutrophils during acute inflammation and has been implicated in immune regulation. Structure-function analyses reveal that S100A12 has the capacity to bind calcium, zinc, and copper, processes that contribute to nutritional immunity against invading microbial pathogens. S100A12 is a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and CD36, which promote cellular and immunological pathways to alter inflammation. We conducted a scoping review of the existing literature to define what is known about the association of S100A12 with digestive disease and health. Results suggest that S100A12 is implicated in gastroenteritis, necrotizing enterocolitis, gastritis, gastric cancer, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and digestive tract cancers. Together, these results reveal S100A12 is an important molecule broadly associated with the pathogenesis of digestive diseases.

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“…It has been observed that 3 months after of antibiotics persists the microbiota disruption [120]. However, antibiotic administration to neonates has been linked to several critical clinical conditions in which modiication of the microbiota composition is thought to play a relevant role, in diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis [121,122].…”

Section: Antibiotic Exposure and Dysbiosis In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Gut Microbiota and Obesity During Development

Cerdó¹,

Ruiz²,

Campoy³

2017

Adiposity - Omics and Molecular Understanding

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Obesity, particularly in children and adolescents, has become a signiicant public health problem that has reached "epidemic" status worldwide. The etiology of obesity is complex and involves lifestyle factors that are challenging to modify. The intestinal microbiota contribute to protection against pathogens, maturation of the immune system, and metabolic welfare of the host but, under some circumstances, can contribute to the pathogenesis of certain diseases. Over the last decade, novel evidence from animal and human studies has identiied associations between human intestinal bacteria and host metabolism and obesity. Infancy is a critical period in the development of the gut microbiota: initial colonization is inluenced not only by a number of early-life exposures, including birth mode, infant nutrition, or antibiotic use, but also by maternal factors during pregnancy, including maternal BMI, nutrition, gut microbial composition, and drug exposure, among others. Thus, an adequate nutritional and microbial environment during the perinatal period and early life may provide windows of opportunity to reduce the risk of obesity and overweight in our children by using targeted strategies aimed to modulate the gut microbiota during early life.

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Multiple Opportunistic Pathogens, but Not Pre-existing Inflammation, May Be Associated with Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

S100A12 in Digestive Diseases and Health: A Scoping Review

Human Gut Microbiota and Obesity During Development

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