Multiple-participant measurement-device-independent quantum secret sharing protocol based on entanglement swapping

Zhang, Tao; Zhou, Lan; Zhong, Wei; Sheng, Yu‐Bo

doi:10.1088/1612-202x/acb04f

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Quantum technology is developing rapidly, with an increasing number of quantum multi-party secret sharing protocols [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] based on QKD networks being proposed. These QSS protocols afford the secure and confidential sharing of a secret parameter among the validator nodes, which unrelated parties cannot access outside the list of validator nodes (LR).…”

Section: Quantum Secret Sharing (Qss) Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each consensus cycle, the leader node uses the VDF to obtain a random number R. Each candidate node, i.e., validator nodes that have not been granted the bookkeeping right in a consensus round, utilizes the unique random number and its ID to calculate the hash value for competing for the bookkeeping right. The highest hash value holder is elected as the leader node, and the leader node's identity is shared secretly among the validator nodes through a quantum multi-party secret sharing protocol [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. After the election of the new leader node LN+1, LN+1 starts taking over the transaction queue from LN, LN+1 packages transactions to generate the next block.…”

Section: Figure 2 Leader Node Campaign Schemamentioning

confidence: 99%

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RQPoA: A random quantum PoA Consensus Mechanism in Blockchain Based on Quantum Methods

WANG,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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As a distributed network, the operational efficacy of a blockchain system relies heavily on the consensus mechanism it adopts. Among the mainstream consensus mechanisms in blockchain, proof-of-authority (PoA) is appealing for its post-quantum security and block generation efficiency and, therefore, has gained academic attention. Nevertheless, the traditional PoA faces three major problems: (1) Low decentralization. The allocation of bookkeeping rights has a low degree of decentralization in the blockchain network. (2) Low availability. The total exposure of the leader node makes it susceptible to centralized attacks, leading to a single point of failure (SPOF) dilemma and reducing the availability of the entire blockchain system. (3) Non-robustness (low fault tolerance). Generating a new block must be done jointly by all validator nodes, with this voting process potentially delayed due to invalid voter participation. To address these issues, this paper improves PoA and proposes a new consensus mechanism scheme, the random quantum proof of authority (RQPoA). First, RQPoA develops the leader node election algorithm with a verifiable delay function (VDF) to realize fair and impartial leader node selection, enforcing the blockchain’s decentralization level. Second, RQPoA adopts the multi-party quantum secret sharing protocol to share the leader node’s identity among validator nodes confidentially. This strategy eliminates SPOF caused by the leader node, increasing the blockchain system availability. Third, RQPoA incorporates a candidate block voting protocol based on a quantum threshold signature to complete the block proposal, which is fault-tolerant and thus enhances the blockchain system's robustness. A security analysis of RQPoA demonstrates its security, efficiency, and better fault tolerance than related quantum consensus mechanisms. In conclusion, the RQPoA makes a useful exploration for researching secure consensus mechanisms in the post-quantum era and enriches the related research.

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Section: Quantum Secret Sharing (Qss) Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 2 Leader Node Campaign Schemamentioning

confidence: 99%

RQPoA: A random quantum PoA Consensus Mechanism in Blockchain Based on Quantum Methods

WANG,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…After receiving the C A and C B , Charlie makes BSMs on each pair of them and announces the measured results. There are three combinations for the photons performing BSMs [53].…”

Section: Protocol Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement-device-independent quantum secure multiparty summation based on entanglement swapping

Sun,

Fan,

Cao

et al. 2023

Laser Phys. Lett.

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In this paper, we propose a measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum secure multiparty summation protocol based on entanglement swapping. The protocol is capable of providing a secure modulo-2 summation method for n parties. Our protocol uses Bell states as the information vehicle and establishes encryption through entanglement swapping, and each party encodes the information orderly to complete the summation process through the simple single-qubit operation. In contrast to previous protocols, there is no pre-shared private key sequence and key storage process in our protocol, which helps to reduce the possibility of information leakage in transmission. Our protocol supports multiple summations by n participants, which improves quantum resource utilization. The protocol can be implemented with linear-optical devices. Furthermore, it can resist multiple attack modes including the intercept-resend attack, entangle-and-measure attack, dishonest third-party attack, and parties’ attack. Most significantly, the protocol enables to eliminate all side-channel attacks against detectors based on the MDI principle. Therefore, the protocol has advantages of high security, high efficiency, and good feasibility.

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“…Quantum entanglement is an essential property that distinguishes quantum physics from classical physics. It plays a vital role in quantum communication and computation fields, such as quantum teleportation, [1][2][3] quantum key distribution, [4][5][6][7][8][9] quantum secret sharing, [10][11][12][13] quantum secure direct communication, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] quantum repeater, [23,24] distributed quantum computing, [25] quantum machine learning, [26] and some other important branches. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Practical quantum applications commonly operate across diverse physical systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification for Hybrid Entanglement between Discrete‐ and Continuous‐Variable States

Luo,

Zhou,

Zhong

et al. 2024

Annalen der Physik

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Hybrid entangled states (HES) have attracted significant attention and been utilized in various quantum information processing applications. However, like many other entangled states, maximally entangled HES may degrade to mixed states due to environmental noise and operational imperfections. In this paper, a hybrid entanglement purification protocol (HEPP) for the HES, which consists of photon‐number state and coherent state is proposed. This HEPP is designed to effectively purify a bit‐flip error occurring in any qubit of the HES. Furthermore, HEPP is extended to a general condition, say, the multi‐party scenario, and integrates the generation of HES into the HEPP. Moreover, if different initial mixed states are chosen, then the residual entanglement can be utilized to distill high‐quality entanglement. The HEPP has important applications in the future quantum information processing field.

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Multiple-participant measurement-device-independent quantum secret sharing protocol based on entanglement swapping

Cited by 14 publications

References 92 publications

RQPoA: A random quantum PoA Consensus Mechanism in Blockchain Based on Quantum Methods

RQPoA: A random quantum PoA Consensus Mechanism in Blockchain Based on Quantum Methods

Measurement-device-independent quantum secure multiparty summation based on entanglement swapping

Purification for Hybrid Entanglement between Discrete‐ and Continuous‐Variable States

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