Multiple partnerships and risk for HIV among the Gar&amp;#237;funa minority population in Belize

Buszin, Justin; Nieto-Andrade, Benjamin; Rivas, Jorge; Longfield, Kim

doi:10.4236/health.2012.48076

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Improving of HIV awareness and HIV education has positively impacted women of all ages [10][11][12]. Several studies have outlined barriers to HIV testing, such as the belief that one was not at risk of contracting HIV, proximity to home, inconvenience of testing, multiple partnerships, and negative attitudes towards HIV [13][14][15]. Those who had not tested for HIV showed higher stigma to AIDS and shame, guilt, and social disapproval towards PLHIV [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and factors associated with HIV testing among women aged 15–49 years in Belize: an analysis using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006, 2011, and 2015–2016

Leonardo

Chien

2023

BMC Women's Health

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Background Belize has one of the highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome prevalence rates in Central America, with women of reproductive age being particularly vulnerable to HIV. Therefore, this study examined the factors associated with HIV testing among women of reproductive age in Belize and trends in HIV testing in 2006, 2011, and 2015–2016. Methods Cross-sectional data were analyzed using three Belize Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. The number of participants were 1,675, 4,096, and 4,699 women aged 15–49 years in 2006, 2011, and 2015–2016, respectively. We used variance-weighted least-squares regression to estimate annual changes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associated factors. Analyses were conducted using Stata version 15, and weights were applied for generalization to the population. Results HIV testing rates increased from 47.7% in 2006 to 66.5% in 2015, with an average annual change of 0.082 (95% confidence interval: 0.07–0.09). Logistic regression models showed that women aged 15–24 years were less likely to have been tested for HIV compared to women aged 25–34 years. Women from the Mayan ethnic group were less likely to have been tested than those from other ethnic groups. Compared to women who spoke Spanish, those who spoke English/Creole were more likely to have been tested for HIV; additionally, those who spoke minority languages were less likely to have been tested. Being married and having given birth were associated with increased odds of HIV testing. Living in rural areas and households with the poorest wealth indices were associated with decreased odds of being tested for HIV. Women with good HIV knowledge and accepting attitudes towards people living with HIV were more likely to be tested. Conclusions From 2006 to 2015, HIV testing in women of reproductive age showed an increasing trend in Belize. We recommend interventions to expand HIV testing for women of reproductive age in Belize, particularly those aged 15–24 years, speaking minority languages, living in rural areas, and having a low socioeconomic status.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and factors associated with HIV testing among women aged 15–49 years in Belize: an analysis using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006, 2011, and 2015–2016

Leonardo

Chien

2023

BMC Women's Health

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“…Recent mixed methods studies conducted with Garífuna men and women in Honduras suggest that that having multiple or concurrent sexual partners is prevalent among both sexes, though these practices remain more socially permissible (17) or even encouraged (50) among men. In a random sample of 530 Garífuna men and women surveyed in Belize in 2007, 59% of men and 33% of women reported having two or more sexual partners in the last 30 days (51), in contrast to 9% of adults reporting multiple partners in the last year within the general population (52,53). Whether mobility is linked to sexual partnership patterns, including concurrency, has not been systematically assessed in a large sample of the Garífuna population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration, Multiple Sexual Partnerships, and Sexual Concurrency in the Garífuna Population of Honduras

et al. 2015

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The Garífuna, an ethnic minority group in Honduras, have been disproportionately affected by HIV. Previous research suggests that migration and high rates of multiple sexual partnerships are major drivers of the epidemic. Using data from a 2012 population-based survey, we assessed whether temporary migration was associated with 1) multiple sexual partnerships and 2) sexual concurrency among Garífuna men and women in Honduras. Among both men and women, temporary migration in the last year was associated with an increased likelihood of multiple sexual partnerships and with concurrency, though only the association between migration and multiple sexual partnerships among men was statistically significant (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.4). Migration may contribute to HIV/STI vulnerability among Garífuna men and women via increases in these sexual risk behaviors. Research conducted among men and women at elevated risk of HIV should continue to incorporate measures of mobility, including history of internal migration.

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Validación de una escala de conocimiento sobre el VIH y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual en población adolescente

et al. 2014

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These factors have adequate internal consistency and acceptable test-retest correlation. Theoretically, these factors fit properly with the content of the items. The factors have a moderate relationship, indicating that a high degree of knowledge about an aspect, but not a guarantee of general knowledge. The availability of a questionnaire to assess knowledge of sexually transmitted infections is helpful to evaluate prevention programs.

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Multiple partnerships and risk for HIV among the Garífuna minority population in Belize

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Trends and factors associated with HIV testing among women aged 15–49 years in Belize: an analysis using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006, 2011, and 2015–2016

Trends and factors associated with HIV testing among women aged 15–49 years in Belize: an analysis using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006, 2011, and 2015–2016

Migration, Multiple Sexual Partnerships, and Sexual Concurrency in the Garífuna Population of Honduras

Validación de una escala de conocimiento sobre el VIH y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual en población adolescente

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