Multiple sclerosis - new therapeutic directions

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease which affects the central nervous system. Currently, there are numerous disease-modifying therapies for this condition. Most of them address the inflammatory aspects of the disease and are most effective in the relapsing-remitting stages of multiple sclerosis. However, none of them can completely stop the progression of MS and they are usually associated with adverse effects. There is an ongoing search for novel approaches that involve different modes of action. Here, we discuss examples of new immunomodulating agents such as antigen-specific therapies, neuroprotectants, regenerative strategies and gut microbiota modification.

Review on the neuron damage parameters in patients with end-stage renal disease

“…Hereditary and acquired pathologies can be distinguished, of which inflammatory, infectious, toxic, and metabolic are the most prevalent in the ESRD [27]. Increased MBP causes high myelin basic protein was MS is the most common cause for this, but other causes may bleeding of the central nervous system, central nervous system trauma and certain brain diseases [29].…”

Paving the way towards an effective treatment for multiple sclerosis: advances in cell therapy

“…The initiation of RRMS occurs somewhere in the peripheral lymphoid system with the presentation of myelin peptides and the generation of autoaggressive Tconvs, as in EAE, which is not adequately controlled by Tregs. 113 However, Tconvs very quickly traffic to the CNS, destroy the BBB, attack myelin sheaths, and cause the development of lesions. Hence, the systemic administration of drugs is of limited value when symptoms have already occurred.…”