Multiple sclerosis relapse after COVID-19 vaccination: A case report-based systematic review

Nabizadeh, Fardin; Ramezannezhad, Elham; Kazemzadeh, Kimia; Khalili, Elham; Ghaffary, Elham Moases; Mirmosayyeb, Omid

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2022.08.012

Cited by 20 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The lymphocyte pleocytosis was the only abnormality detected in the CSF analysis of these patients. In addition, CSF PCR analysis for any viral nucleic acid or bacteria was negative (10,36,38,39,41,(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73). Interestingly, in a case reported by Zachariadis et al, no abnormalities were found in the brain and spinal cord MRI, however, severe neurologic symptoms were still present (37).…”

Section: Myelitismentioning

confidence: 93%

“…SARS-CoV-2 may possibly increase risk of TM, via autoimmune reactions (36). While one of the suggested mechanism for ADs due to viral infections is the direct attack of virus, but the reported myelitis cases did not detect virus in CSF which indicated that the autoimmune response may be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease (10,(37)(38)(39)(40). There is a hypothesis revealed that several factors including IL-2, 6, 7, and 10, and tumor necrotizing α factor (TNF-α) causing damage to myelin, and considered as initiators of inflammation in this setting (40).…”

Section: Myelitismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Several studies have reported the development of ADs as a complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Acute transverse myelitis, autoimmune encephalitis, acute necrotizing myelitis, and CNS vasculitis are among ADs COVID-19 complications (10)(11)(12)(13). Bonometti et al reported the first case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) following COVID-19 infection (14).…”

Section: Does Any Relationship Exist Between Autoimmune Disease and D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tingling and numbness in fingers and toes were usually present at the onset of the disease. Later on, paresthesia progressed to quadriplegia in the upper and lower extremities in addition to the loss of sensation (10,36,38,39,41,(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73), while some cases were reported with paraparesis (10,39,40,74). In the most reported patients with myelitis, affected sphincter functions resulted in urinary retention, constipation, bowel or urinary incontinence.…”

Section: Myelitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review

Nabizadeh

Pirahesh²,

Sodeifian³

et al. 2022

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This open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 3.0 License (CC BY-NC 3.0) neurodegenerative disorders to autoimmune diseases including Guillain-Barre syndrome, encephalitis, stroke, seizure, and headache (2).Currently, shreds of evidence indicate that COVID-19 may cause neurological disorders via direct viral attack or indirectly trigger immune-inflammatory mechanisms which leads to immune-mediated neurological disorders (3, 4). Furthermore, there is a growing number of cases with central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases (ADs) including autoimmune encephalitis, neuromyelitis optica, CNS vasculitis, optica neuritis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM),

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Section: Myelitismentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Myelitismentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Does Any Relationship Exist Between Autoimmune Disease and D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Myelitismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review

Nabizadeh

Pirahesh²,

Sodeifian³

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Nabizadeh et al. [43] highlights the relapse of multiple sclerosis after COVID-19 immunization. Shaikh et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new fractional mathematical model to study the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 outbreaks

Kumawat

Bhatter

Jangid

et al. 2023

Decision Analytics Journal

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COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis: what you need to know – a review

Mahmoudi,

Mirmosayyeb,

Shaabani

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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BackgroundThe appearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) initiated the COVID‐19 pandemic, resulting in millions of confirmed cases and numerous fatalities. In response, rapid vaccine development efforts were launched to mitigate the pandemic's impact. Despite the high efficacy of COVID‐19 vaccines, they are also associated with several common side effects/complications, some of them specific to the multiple sclerosis population. Our goal is to review various types of COVID‐19 vaccines, assessing their efficacy, adverse events, their association with an MS relapse following vaccination, and the influence of disease modifying therapies (DMTs) on vaccines’ efficacy.MethodsThe review was based on a database search that included PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, and the Web of Science conducted from January 2020 to July 2024 using the following MeSH terms: MS, COVID‐19, COVID‐19 vaccination, vaccine side effects, and vaccine hesitancy.ResultsReceiving any type of COVID‐19 vaccine is a safer and more reliable approach to building immunity compared to becoming infected with the virus. Complications tend to be mild to moderate, occasionally severe. DMTs could affect the humoral response to the COVID‐19 vaccine. Among all DMTs, a notable reduction in the humoral response has been observed in patients who received anti‐CD20 and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator drugs after their COVID‐19 vaccination.ConclusionDespite certain drawbacks, the benefits of the COVID‐19 vaccine significantly outweigh the associated risks, making it a recommended course of action for people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, physicians need to be mindful of potential complications especially in patients undergoing anti CD20 and manage them appropriately.

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Multiple sclerosis relapse after COVID-19 vaccination: A case report-based systematic review

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review

Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review

A new fractional mathematical model to study the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 outbreaks

COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis: what you need to know – a review

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