Multiple segment total en bloc vertebrectomy and chest wall resection in a dog with an invasive myxosarcoma

Abstract

A 9.5-year-old, 22.6 kg, castrated male mixed breed dog was diagnosed with a paravertebral myxosarcoma invading into the T9–T11 vertebrae and dorsal left-sided thoracic wall. A total multisegment vertebrectomy of T9–T12 and chest wall resection of the left 8th–12th ribs were performed to resect the tumour en bloc. A patient-specific, three-dimensional implant was designed and printed to reconstruct the defect in the vertebral column following resection of the tumour. This implant was supplemented with four 2.7 mm string-of-pearl plates. The chest wall defect was reconstructed with a latissimus dorsi muscle flap. Postoperative complications included neurological deterioration, and necrosis of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap resulting in marked pneumothorax and cardiorespiratory arrest 17 days postoperatively.

Aggressive piecemeal excision and cervical bridging fixation for cervical vertebral osteosarcoma in two dogs and two cats

“…Previous reports state that cervical vertebral reconstruction techniques have high clinical relevance. 6,12,14,16 Loosening of cortical bone screws was observed at 212 days postoperatively in Case 3. In spinal fusion with metal implants and PMMA, the type of pin and the long-term cyclic loading on the implant are important factors.…”

“…In small-animal neurosurgery, there have been reports of vertebral reconstruction using allogeneic cortical bone grafting or artificial materials after total vertebral resection, but not in the cervical spine. 8,16,17 To the best of our knowledge, previous reports discuss only palliative decompression surgery in the cervical spine. Furthermore, for vertebral tumours occurring in Zones II, III and IV, specific anatomical limitations related to the central nervous system and the vascular system make negative surgical margins even more challenging to achieve compared with tumours occurring in Zone I.…”

“…In this study, spinal reconstruction for osteosarcoma in the cervical vertebrae (Zones II, III and IV) was possible by bridging the vertebrae, cranial and caudal to the affected vertebra, extensive tumour, and removal was possible. In small‐animal neurosurgery, there have been reports of vertebral reconstruction using allogeneic cortical bone grafting or artificial materials after total vertebral resection, but not in the cervical spine 8,16,17 . To the best of our knowledge, previous reports discuss only palliative decompression surgery in the cervical spine.…”

“…The following treatment options have been reported for vertebral tumours: surgical resection, radiation therapy and chemotherapy 12–18 . Surgical resection is the first choice for many spinal tumours, with radiotherapy and chemotherapy selected as adjuvant treatments.…”

“…1 The following treatment options have been reported for vertebral tumours: surgical resection, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Surgical resection is the first choice for many spinal tumours, with radiotherapy and chemotherapy selected as adjuvant treatments. The anatomical classification of spinal tumours proposed by Gilson is often used to determine the appropriate technique.…”