Multiple sensor array based on ZnO nanowires for electronic nose applications towards toxic gases

Sinju, K. R.; Ramgir, Niranjan S.; Pathak, Ankita; Debnath, A.K.; Muthe, K.P.

doi:10.1063/5.0017841

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Various metals such as Fe, Co, Ni, and Mg were finely deposited over the surface of the ZnO NWs using the PVD technique. According to the result, the multiplex gas sensor can qualitatively distinguish between the NH 3 , H 2 S, CO, and NO 2 gases using PR techniques . Lee et al fabricated a 10 multiplex gas sensor for VOC detection using SnO 2 as the sensing material.…”

Section: Advances In Multiplex Gas Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Multiplexed Gas Sensor: Fabrication Strategies, Recent Progress, and Challenges

Verma,

Gokarna,

Kadiri

et al. 2023

ACS Sens.

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Due to miscellaneous toxic gases in the vicinity, there is a burgeoning need for advancement in the existing gas sensing technology not only for the survival of mankind but also for the industries based in various fields such as beverage, forestry, health care, environmental monitoring, agriculture, and military security. A gas sensor must be highly selective toward a specific gas in order to avoid incorrect signals while responding to nontarget gases. This may lead to complex scenarios depicting sensor defects, such as low selectivity and crosssensitivity. Therefore, a multiplex gas sensor is required to address the problems of cross selectivity by combining different gas sensors, signal processing, and pattern recognition techniques along with the currently employed gas sensing technologies. The different sensing materials used in these sensor arrays will produce a unique response signal for developing a set of identifiers as the input that can be used to recognize a specific gas by its "fingerprint". This review provides a comprehensive review of chemiresistive-based multiplex gas sensors, including various fabrication strategies from expensive to lowcost techniques, advances in sensing materials, and a gist of various pattern recognition techniques used for both rigid and flexible gas sensor applications. Finally, the review assesses the current state-of-the-art in multiplex gas sensor technology and discusses various challenges for future research in this direction.

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Section: Advances In Multiplex Gas Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…According to the result, the multiplex gas sensor can qualitatively distinguish between the NH 3 , H 2 S, CO, and NO 2 gases using PR techniques. 166 Lee et al fabricated a 10 multiplex gas sensor for VOC detection using SnO 2 as the sensing material. The PCA technique is used to analyze the characteristics of the multiplex gas sensor.…”

Section: Acs Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Gas Sensor: Fabrication Strategies, Recent Progress, and Challenges

Verma,

Gokarna,

Kadiri

et al. 2023

ACS Sens.

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“…Synthesis of ZnO NWs was carried out using hydrothermal method [2]. An initial chemical route was used to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), which were stable up to two-week period.…”

Section: Synthesisofpureandpd-andpt-incorporatedznonwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ZnO is a multifarious functional material, which has exhibited itself in the diversity of growth forms such as nanocombs, nanobelts, nanorings and nanowires (NWs) [1][2][3]. The associated high surface area-tovolume ratio coupled with the inherent oxygen nonstoichiometry has been effectively used to realize sensors with tailor response towards target gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic nose based on Pd- and Pt-incorporated ZnO nanowires: a case study

Sinju,

Khan,

Debnath

et al. 2024

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Effect of incorporation of sensitizers namely palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt) on the gas-sensing behaviour of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires has been studied. The specificity achieved is further studied and demonstrated for its efficacy towards the simultaneous detection of multiple gases employing the developed sensors in an electronic nose configuration. Incorporation of salt solutions containing the desired sensitizer concentration in the starting reaction mixture of hydrothermal growth has been effectively used to achieve heterostructure ZnO nanowires. Pd and Pt gets incorporated as PdO and metallic Pt, in the host matrix resulting in the formation of random heterojunctions namely p–n junction and Schottky junctions. Consequently, an increase in the work function as studied using Kelvin probe studies is observed. Utilizing statistical implements namely principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) the discrimination of three gases namely H2, H2S and NO2 has been successfully accomplished. 3D PCA discriminates the three gases successfully with first three components exhibiting a percentage of variance of 42.32, 33.26 and 24.20%, respectively. A reasonable discrimination of H2, H2S and NO2, grouped into three clusters as evident from HCA dendrograms, was achieved using utilizing Ward’s method and Euclidian distance metric approach.

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“…Other benefits include a wide range of substrate materials and geometries, as well as a simple crystal-growth method that enables much cheaper production costs than other semiconductors utilised in nanotechnology (Baruah et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2017). Though the current growth methods for ZnO NSs, such as vapour liquid solid (VLS) growth (Kennedy et al, n.d.), chemical vapour deposition (CVD) (Bhutto et al, 2019), physical vapour deposition (PVD) (Sinju et al, 2020), and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) (Susner et al, 2014), are successful, the only drawback is that they require harsh conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, expensive materials, and complex procedures (Elzein et al, 2020). Alternatively, immersion techniques have been proposed because to their numerous benefits, including low cost, simplicity of handling, low energy usage, and scalability (Abdullah et al, 2019;Musa et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of doping on the structural properties of ZnO nanowires synthesised by ultrasonic-assisted immersion technique

Bakri,

Malek,

Mohammad

et al. 2023

MJCET

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Various procedures for producing high-quality zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (ZnO NWs) have been developed. Nevertheless, most of it rely on harsh circumstances such as high temperature, high pressure, costly materials, and complicated procedures. As a result, this study introduces an alternative ultrasonic-assisted immersion technique due to its many advantages such as low cost, ease of handling, and low energy consumption, as well as studying the effect of different precursors on the morphological, structural, and optical properties of the ZnO NWs, thus supporting and consolidating previous discoveries and providing a clearer understanding of the mechanism of ZnO formation. The most promising desirable features have been demonstrated for chromium doped ZnO NWs. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of the samples, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-visible (UV-Vis) were utilised to investigate the structural and optical characteristics of the ZnO NWs. It was discovered that inserting Cr as a dopant for ZnO enhanced ZnO NWs by preventing quick electron-hole recombination, revealing it as the best dopant. This id due to reduced band gap (3.231 eV), relax strain (−0.2383%) and stress (0.560 GPa), and near zero porosities

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Multiple sensor array based on ZnO nanowires for electronic nose applications towards toxic gases

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Multiplexed Gas Sensor: Fabrication Strategies, Recent Progress, and Challenges

Multiplexed Gas Sensor: Fabrication Strategies, Recent Progress, and Challenges

Electronic nose based on Pd- and Pt-incorporated ZnO nanowires: a case study

Effect of doping on the structural properties of ZnO nanowires synthesised by ultrasonic-assisted immersion technique

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