“…In this regard, in the past decades, optical correlation technique has been proven to be an excellent potential scheme for targets detection and tracking applications as well as others optical information processing applications, such as in optical cryptosystems 6 – 10 In particular, the optical joint transform correlation (JTC) architecture makes pattern recognition closer to near real-time processor over the classical optical VanderLugt correlation, 11 , 12 which suffers from poor light efficiency, large correlation sidelobes, and large autocorrelation width, in addition to the need of precise alignment of the optical elements and the fabrication of complex-valued filters. Over time, developers show more interests in real-time JTC-based processors due to fast development of electrically addressed spatial light modulator (SLM).…”