Multiple Topological Magnetism in van der Waals Heterostructure of MnTe₂/ZrS₂

Abstract

Topological magnetism in low-dimensional systems is of fundamental and practical importance in condensed-matter physics and material science. Here, using first-principles and Monte Carlo simulations, we present that multiple topological magnetism (i.e., skyrmion and bimeron) can survive in van der Waals heterostructure MnTe 2 /ZrS 2 . Arising from interlayer coupling, MnTe 2 /ZrS 2 can harbor a large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. This, combined with exchange interaction, yields an intriguing skyrmion phase under a tiny magnetic field of 75 mT. Meanwhile, upon harnessing a small electric field, magnetic bimeron can be observed in MnTe 2 /ZrS 2 , suggesting the existence of multiple topological magnetism. Through interlayer sliding, both topological magnetisms can be switched on−off. In addition, the impacts of d ∥ and K eff on these spin textures are revealed, and a dimensionless parameter κ is utilized to describe their joint effect. These explored phenomena and insights not only are useful for fundamental research in topological magnetism but also enable novel applications in nanodevices.

d0 Magnetic Skyrmions in Two‐Dimensional Lattice

“…[14][15][16][17] Recently, with the discovery of ferromagnetism in Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 , [18] CrI 3 [19] and VSe 2 , [20] 2D magnetic crystals are at the frontier of material research, and intensive efforts are devoted to exploit magnetic skyrmions in 2D lattices. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202301817 Despite the huge interest, the current magnetic skyrmion research exclusively focuses on d-orbital magnetism. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Physically, arising from the particular orbital nature, d-orbital magnetism typically exhibits a large magnetic moment.…”

“…[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202301817 Despite the huge interest, the current magnetic skyrmion research exclusively focuses on d-orbital magnetism. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Physically, arising from the particular orbital nature, d-orbital magnetism typically exhibits a large magnetic moment. This makes the magnetic properties, including topological spin textures, sensitive to the external magnetic field B.…”

“…This makes the magnetic properties, including topological spin textures, sensitive to the external magnetic field B. [14][15][16][17]2126] Besides the magnetic field, d-orbital magnetism has another inherent disadvantage in achieving ideal magnetic skyrmions, that is, all magnetic moments are strongly localized, which tends to render weak exchange interaction, leading to the possibly resultant topological spin textures vulnerable to temperature T. [24][25][26][27]30] Because of these facts, the magnetic skyrmions reported in all previous works (either traditional bulk and thin film systems [6,31,32] or 2D crystals [25,26,33] ) can only exist in an extremely narrow window of T-B phase diagram. This rises an outstanding challenge for the field of magnetic skyrmions.…”

“…[ 14–17 ] Recently, with the discovery of ferromagnetism in Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 , [ 18 ] CrI 3 [ 19 ] and VSe 2 , [ 20 ] 2D magnetic crystals are at the frontier of material research, and intensive efforts are devoted to exploit magnetic skyrmions in 2D lattices. [ 21–29 ]…”

Theoretical Investigation of Topological Magnetic Textures in Sliding Ferroelectric CrX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) Moiré Superlattices: A Multiferroic Material with Unique Magnetoelectric Coupling for Information Storage Applications

“…Among various magnetic configurations, magnetic textures with topology protection, such as skyrmions, have garnered significant attention. − Skyrmions, characterized by their strong topologically protected stability and small size, are considered the most promising candidates for next-generation information memory devices. − The moiré superlattice provides an excellent material system for investigating magnetic textures, as the twisting introduces periodic magnetization domains with complex spin texture. This results in a diverse range of physical images with noncollinear spin configurations, attributed to the modulation of interlayer exchange interaction. ,, Compared to magnetic skyrmions in bulk alloy materials, the magnetic skyrmions in vdW bilayer are significantly thinner, reaching the 2D thickness limit and paving the way for advancements in spin twistronics. − …”