Multiple traumatic experiences, post‐traumatic stress disorder and offending behaviour in female prisoners

Karatzias, Thanos; Power, Kevin; Woolston, Caroline; Apurva, Prathima; Begley, Amelie; Mirza, Khadija; Conway, Lisa; Quinn, Carol; Jowett, Sally; Howard, Ruth; Purdie, Allister

doi:10.1002/cbm.2043

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We found that 59.4% screened positive for DSM-5 PTSD as measured by PCL-5 with a high prevalence of at least one type of reported prior trauma exposure (92.0%), 36.8% had pathological levels of dissociation, 70.4% had poor sleep quality, and 37.8% had clinical level of insomnia. The high rates of probable DSM-5 PTSD caseness and multiple trauma exposure, as well as significant relations with dissociative symptomatology were comparable with the previous studies (Akyuz et al, 2007;Briere et al, 2016;Cusack et al, 2013;DeCou et al, 2016;Henrichs & Bogaerts, 2012;Karatzias et al, 2017;Sindicich et al, 2014;Steiner et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Associations between circadian preferences, sleep quality, dissociation, post-traumatic cognitions, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among incarcerated offenders

Acar¹,

Öğülmüş²,

Boysan³

2018

Sleep Hypn

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The aim of this study was to explore whether DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) dissociative subtype could be differentiated from non-dissociative PTSD caseness in sleep disturbances, circadian preferences, and posttraumatic cognitions. We also investigated associations of dissociation, sleep quality, insomnia, circadian preferences, and traumarelated negative cognitions with DSM-5 PTSD caseness among prisoners. Data from 399 volunteers (mean age: 34.54±9.93 years) were collected. Using the symptoms clusters measured by the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the participants were classified into four subgroups: no dissociation or PTSD, pure dissociative, pure PTSD, and dissociative PTSD. Differences in scale scores across four groups were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine predictors of DSM-5 PTSD caseness. Participants with dissociative PTSD reported significantly greater posttraumatic stress reactions in terms of PTSD and dissociative symptomatology, greater number of prior trauma exposure, greater scores on posttraumatic negative cognitions, and a tendency to have eveningness diurnal preferences in comparison to those prisoners classified into other three subgroups (no dissociation or PTSD, pure dissociative, and pure PTSD). However, sleep disturbances in terms of insomnia and poor sleep quality were found to be pronounced among prisoners with PTSD irrespective of levels of dissociation. Dissociative symptomatology, insomnia and poor sleep quality significantly contributed to probable PTSD caseness. Dissociation and sleep disturbances appear to be hallmark for PTSD among prisoners.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Associations between circadian preferences, sleep quality, dissociation, post-traumatic cognitions, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among incarcerated offenders

Acar¹,

Öğülmüş²,

Boysan³

2018

Sleep Hypn

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“…Most studies were conducted in high income countries, with the majority (n = 21) conducted in the USA, four studies conducted in Europe [31, 35, 39, 55], and five studies (three reporting on the same sample) from the UK [47, 48, 50, 56, 58]. 22 studies reported on adult prisoners [39–60], while 14 reported on incarcerated youth [26–38, 61].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD in prison settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comorbid mental disorders and problematic behaviours

et al. 2019

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Prevalence rates of PTSD are higher in the prison population than in the community. We sought to systematically review the extent to which this disorder is associated with other mental health disorders and problematic suicidal or aggressive behaviours in the prison population. Methods Studies reporting a relationship between PTSD and comorbid mental disorders and/or problematic behaviours in imprisoned adolescent and adult populations were identified from four bibliographic indexes. Primary studies involving clinical interviews, validated instruments leading to DSM or ICD diagnoses, or validated self-report questionnaires such as the PTSD checklist were included. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted where possible. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Results This review identified 36 studies, with a combined sample of 9594 participants, (6478 male and 2847 female prisoners) from 11 countries. Thirty-four of the identified studies employed a cross-sectional design. We identified significant associations between PTSD and comorbid mental disorders including depression (OR = 3.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.3-4.9), anxiety (OR = 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8-4.7) and substance use (OR = 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-2.4). We also identified significant associations between PTSD and suicidality (OR = 3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4-3.8) and aggressive behaviours (this latter finding was not subject to meta-analysis). Significant methodological heterogeneity was identified between studies.

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“…The additional trauma endured by a mother when she is deemed a threat so severe that policy mandates that her child be taken away immediately after birth exacerbates the stigma and trauma that incarcerated women have already experienced. In a study by Karatzias et al, nine in 10 incarcerated females reported having experienced childhood and adult trauma, and more than half met the criteria for having posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 41 . The majority of individuals reported multiple traumas, including childhood neglect and emotional, sexual or physical abuse, among others 41 .…”

Section: Benefits and Risks To The Mothermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Karatzias et al, nine in 10 incarcerated females reported having experienced childhood and adult trauma, and more than half met the criteria for having posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 41 . The majority of individuals reported multiple traumas, including childhood neglect and emotional, sexual or physical abuse, among others 41 . It has also been shown that incarcerated women have an increased lifetime prevalence of PTSD, around 40%, compared with 6–9% in the general population 42,43 .…”

Section: Benefits and Risks To The Mothermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 The majority of individuals reported multiple traumas, including childhood neglect and emotional, sexual or physical abuse, among others. 41 It has also been shown that incarcerated women have an increased lifetime prevalence of PTSD, around 40%, compared with 6-9% in the general population. 42,43 In a space where clinicians are entrusted with protecting patients, the inhumane practice of immediate child separation needlessly contributes to women' s lifetime trauma.…”

Section: Benefi Ts and Risks To The Mothermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Equitable Care for Pregnant Incarcerated Women: Infant Contact After Birth—A Human Right

Franco

Mowers

Lewis

2020

Perspect Sexual Reproductive

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Multiple traumatic experiences, post‐traumatic stress disorder and offending behaviour in female prisoners

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Associations between circadian preferences, sleep quality, dissociation, post-traumatic cognitions, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among incarcerated offenders

Associations between circadian preferences, sleep quality, dissociation, post-traumatic cognitions, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among incarcerated offenders

PTSD in prison settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comorbid mental disorders and problematic behaviours

Equitable Care for Pregnant Incarcerated Women: Infant Contact After Birth—A Human Right

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