Multiplet fine structure in the photoemission of the gadolinium and terbium 5<i>p</i>levels

Thole, B. T.; Wang, X.D.; Harmon, B. N.; Li, Dongqi; Dowben, Peter A.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.47.9098

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Detailed isotropic 5p PE spectra of Gd and Tb have been reported by Thole et al,2 who also showed that the spectra were in agreement with the multiplet structure calculated in intermediate coupling. Both the 5p spin-orbit interaction and the 5p-4f electrostatic interactions have a strong influence on the spectra.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…To study the multiplet structure, we have measured the MCD-PE spectra, which-compared to the isotropic spectra-show more detail and therefore allow a better comparison with theoretical calculations. Thole et al 2 have also put forward an intuitive model to clarify the results in intermediate coupling, i.e., in between the limit of LS, where-in case of Gd-we expect 9 P and 7 P states, and the limit of j j coupling, where we expect Jϭ 2, 3, 4, 5 states. This picture is too simple in the sense that more than one 7 P state should be considered, resulting in widely spread low-spin states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic circular dichroism in 5pphotoemission from Gd and Tb metal

et al. 1997

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The isotropic and magnetic-circular-dichroism ͑MCD͒ 5p core-level photoemission ͑PE͒ spectra of Gd͑0001͒ and Tb͑0001͒ are presented. Large MCD effects were observed at the low-binding-energy side, gradually reducing in amplitude at higher binding energies. Both the isotropic and the MCD-PE spectra can be well reproduced by a many-particle intermediate-coupling approach taking spin-orbit, Coulomb, and exchange interactions properly into account. We also present a simple model to understand the global line shape of the MCD spectra. The MCD permits an accurate determination of the values of the Coulomb and exchange interactions in the final state.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic circular dichroism in 5pphotoemission from Gd and Tb metal

et al. 1997

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“…Nonetheless, we have chosen to exploit herein the simple Schönflies group representation notation for the C 2v point group symmetry. The relativistic selection rule effects resulting in relaxation of the single group selection rules appear to be relatively weak for W(112), as is the case for valence band states of Gd [47] (excepting the shallow core levels [39,40,48] ). This suggests that the use of the Dirac Hamiltonian may be avoided, although only with some care.…”

Section: Experimental and Calculation Approachmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…We are well aware [39,40] that the electronic structure of large-Z systems requires the double group representation, similar to that derived by Tinkham for a cubic crystal [41], for all transition metals of Z above Ag [42] and Rh [43,44]. Indeed, the use of spin-orbit interactions and the relativistic selection rules, derived from the appropriate double group, are indicated in metals as light as Cu [45,46].…”

Section: Experimental and Calculation Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The surface band structure of W(112)

Losovyj

Yakovkin

Jeong

et al. 2004

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Both the experimental and theoretical band structure of the W(112) surface are presented, with the theoretical band structure calculated by the film-LAPW (linearized augmented plane waves) method. The results permit one to compare the W(112) and Mo(112) band structures and illuminate the similarities. It is found that for the W(112) surface the main photoemission features combine contributions from both the surface and bulk, as has been previously noted for Mo(112). The main differences between the electronic structures of the furrowed W(112) and Mo(112) surfaces are seen in the width of occupied bands. The differences are attributed to the extent of localization of valence 4d and 5s electrons in Mo and 5d and 6s electrons in W.

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“…10,[22][23][24][25] Many other studies have looked at the valence band structure of rare-earth metal hydrides and oxides. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] The valence band spectra of metal oxides are typically dominated by the O(2p), however, with activation, the Er(5d6s) contributes significantly to the valence band spectra. 10,22,[24][25][26][27]34 Adsorption phenomena have been observed to decrease the emission from Er(5d6s) conduction band states near E F .…”

Section: Valence Band Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of erbium films for hydrogen storage

Brumbach

Ohlhausen

Zavadil

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Hydriding of metals can be routinely performed at high temperature in a rich hydrogen atmosphere. Prior to the hydrogen loading process, a thermal activation procedure is required to promote facile hydrogen sorption into the metal. Despite the wide spread utilization of this activation procedure, little is known about the chemical and electronic changes that occur during activation and how this thermal pretreatment leads to increased rates of hydrogen uptake. This study utilized variable kinetic energy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to interrogate the changes during in situ thermal annealing of erbium films, with results confirmed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and low energy ion scattering. Activation can be identified by a large increase in photoemission between the valence band edge and the Fermi level and appears to occur over a two stage process. The first stage involves desorption of contaminants and recrystallization of the oxide, initially impeding hydrogen loading. Further heating overcomes the first stage and leads to degradation of the passive surface oxide leading to a bulk film more accessible for hydrogen loading.

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Multiplet fine structure in the photoemission of the gadolinium and terbium 5plevels

Abstract: fine structure in the photoemission of the gadolinium and terbium 5p levels" (1993). Peter Dowben Publications. 58.

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Magnetic circular dichroism in 5pphotoemission from Gd and Tb metal

Magnetic circular dichroism in 5pphotoemission from Gd and Tb metal

The surface band structure of W(112)

Activation of erbium films for hydrogen storage

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