Multiplexed Typing of
            <i>Mycobacterium avium</i>
            subsp.
            <i>paratuberculosis</i>
            Types I, II, and III by Luminex xMAP Suspension Array

Gastaldelli, Michele; Stefani, Elisabetta; Lettini, Antonia Anna; Pozzato, Nicola

doi:10.1128/jcm.01761-10

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…paratuberculosis into types I (sheep), II (cattle), and III (intermediate) based on the gyrB locus. 54 The BBMA consisted of a duplex PCR with 4 specific probes linked to 4 beads in the assay, 54 but could be expanded to include further genotyping for determining associations of clinical isolates with possible food or environmental origins.…”

Section: Bovine Disease Diagnostic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for bead-based multiplex assays in veterinary diagnostic laboratories

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Bead-based multiplex assays (BBMAs) are applicable for high throughput, simultaneous detection of multiple analytes in solution (from several to 50-500 analytes within a single, small sample volume). Currently, few assays are commercially available for veterinary applications, but they are available to identify and measure various cytokines, growth factors and their receptors, inflammatory proteins, kinases and inhibitors, neurobiology proteins, and pathogens and antibodies in human beings, nonhuman primates, and rodent species. In veterinary medicine, various nucleic acid and protein-coupled beads can be used in, or for the development of, antigen and antibody BBMAs, with the advantage that more data can be collected using approximately the same amount of labor as used for other antigen and antibody assays. Veterinary-related BBMAs could be used for detection of pathogens, genotyping, measurement of hormone levels, and in disease surveillance and vaccine assessment. It will be important to evaluate whether BBMAs are "fit for purpose," how costs and efficiencies compare between assays, which assays are published or commercially available for specific veterinary applications, and what procedures are involved in the development of the assays. It is expected that many veterinary-related BBMAs will be published and/or become commercially available in the next few years. The current review summarizes the BBMA technology and some of the currently available BBMAs developed for veterinary settings. Some of the human diagnostic BBMAs are also described, providing an example of possible templates for future development of new veterinary-related BBMAs.

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Section: Bovine Disease Diagnostic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for bead-based multiplex assays in veterinary diagnostic laboratories

et al. 2013

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“…Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been used successfully to type several genetically monomorphic pathogens, including M. tuberculosis (13), Mycobacterium bovis (14), Salmonella enteritica serovar Typhi (15), and Yersinia pestis (16). SNP assays have been used to discriminate between M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis strain types I, II, and III (17,18) and between strains derived from animal and human hosts (19). However, these assays were based on a limited number of SNPs, many of which were not informative when applied to a wider wild-type population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-Based Assay for Genotyping Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

et al. 2016

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f Typing of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis strains presents a challenge, since they are genetically monomorphic and traditional molecular techniques have limited discriminatory power. The recent advances and availability of wholegenome sequencing have extended possibilities for the characterization of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and whole-genome sequencing can provide a phylogenetic context to facilitate global epidemiology studies. In this study, we developed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay based on PCR and restriction enzyme digestion or sequencing of the amplified product. The SNP analysis was performed using genome sequence data from 133 Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates with different genotypes from 8 different host species and 17 distinct geographic regions around the world. A total of 28,402 SNPs were identified among all of the isolates. The minimum number of SNPs required to distinguish between all of the 133 genomes was 93 and between only the type C isolates was 41. To reduce the number of SNPs and PCRs required, we adopted an approach based on sequential detection of SNPs and a decision tree. By the analysis of 14 SNPs Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates can be characterized within 14 phylogenetic groups with a higher discriminatory power than mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat assay and other typing methods. Continuous updating of genome sequences is needed in order to better characterize new phylogenetic groups and SNP profiles. The novel SNP assay is a discriminative, simple, reproducible method and requires only basic laboratory equipment for the largescale global typing of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis causes Johne's disease, a chronic infectious enteritis principally of ruminants. The disease occurs worldwide and is responsible for significant losses to the livestock industry. M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis also has been detected in a subset of human patients with Crohn's disease (1), although the zoonotic role of the bacterium remains controversial.Strain typing is a prerequisite for tracing the sources of infection and for studying the epidemiology, population structure, and evolutionary relationships between isolates. It can also reveal the genetic diversity underlying important phenotypic characteristics, such as host specificity, pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance, and virulence. Typing of M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis strains presents a challenge, since M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis, like Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is genetically monomorphic (2). Genetic diversity among M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis strains has been investigated using molecular techniques, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and IS900 analysis (IS900 RFLP) (3), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (4), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis (5), ran...

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“…Partial sequencing of IS 900 , a robust and merely MAP-specific insertion element, revealed SNP characteristics for the MAP types I, II, and III adding a typing feature to the well-established diagnostic value of this element [88]. The emergence of new technologies allowed researchers to adopt novel approaches such as microarray technology and high resolution melting (HRM) for detection of the previously described MAP-specific SNPs [67], [89]. Recently, the decrease in the costs of high throughput sequencing (HTS) has made the whole genome sequencing (WGS) of bacteria more accessible to microbiologists.…”

Section: Genotyping Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping methods and molecular epidemiology ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis(MAP)

Fawzy

Zschöck²,

Ewers

et al. 2018

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD) which affects mainly ruminants and is characterized by chronic diarrhea and emaciation. Johne’s disease is highly prevalent in many countries around the world and leads to high economic losses associated with decreased production. Genotyping of the involved pathogen could be used in the study of population genetics, pathogenesis and molecular epidemiology including disease surveillance and outbreak investigation. Principally, researchers have first assumed the presence of two different MAP strains that are associated with the animal host species (cattle and sheep). However, nowadays MAP characterization depends mainly upon genetic testing using genetic markers such as insertion elements, repetitive sequences and single nucleotide polymorphisms. This work aims to provide an overview of the advances in molecular biological tools used for MAP typing in the last two decades, discuss how these methods have been used to address interesting epidemiological questions, and explore the future prospects of MAP molecular epidemiology given the ever decreasing costs of the high throughput sequencing technology.

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Multiplexed Typing of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Types I, II, and III by Luminex xMAP Suspension Array

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Opportunities for bead-based multiplex assays in veterinary diagnostic laboratories

Opportunities for bead-based multiplex assays in veterinary diagnostic laboratories

Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-Based Assay for Genotyping Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

Genotyping methods and molecular epidemiology ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis(MAP)

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