Multiplicity Dependence of the Freeze-Out Parameters in Symmetric and Asymmetric Nuclear Collisions at Large Hadron Collider Energies

Ajaz, Muhammad; Haj Ismail, Abd; Waqas, Muhammad; Quraishi, Abdul Mosawir; Baker, Jalal Hasan; Jagnandan, Antalov; Ahmad, Mohammad Ayaz; Jagnandan, Shawn; Alrebdi, Haifa I.; Dawi, Elmuez A.; Badshah, Murad

doi:10.3390/sym15112063

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The relationship might also be affected by event multiplicity, where higher multiplicity often corresponds to more central collisions, resulting in elevated values of both T and β T [81]. However, beyond the multiplicity class VII, there is a sudden fall in T where β T is 0.…”

Section: Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the correlation between thermal and kinematic parameters in various multiplicity classes within 7 and 13 TeV pp collisions

Waqas,

Bietenholz,

Bouzidi

et al. 2024

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigate the transverse momentum spectra of identified particles at 7 TeV and 13 TeV in pp collisions in the framework of the blast wave model with Tsallis statistics (TBW). Based on experimental data by ALICE Collaboration, we observe that the model describes the $p_T$ spectra well with the common Tsallis temperature ($T$) and flow velocity ($\beta_T$) but separate non-extensive parameters ($q$) for baryons and mesons. The parameter dependence on multiplicity as well as on collision energy is investigated, and a strong dependence on the former while a weak dependence on the latter is reported. The extracted parameters in this work consist of the initial temperature ($T_i$), the average transverse momentum ($ \langle p_T \rangle $), the Tsallis temperature ($T$), flow velocity ($\beta_T$), and the non-extensive parameter ($q$). These parameters are found to increase a little with increasing energy, however, they (except the parameter $q$) decrease significantly with decreasing multiplicity. We observe that $\beta_T$ drops to zero after the multiplicity class VII, while, $T$ and $q$ do not change their behavior. Furthermore, our analysis explore the correlations among different parameters, including associations with the charged particle multiplicity per unit pseudorapidity ($\langle dN_{ch}/d\eta\rangle$). The correlation between $T$ and $\beta_T$,$T$ and $ \langle dN_{ch}/d\eta\rangle $, $\beta_T$ and $ \langle dN_{ch}/d\eta\rangle $, $T_i$ and $ \langle p_T \rangle $ and $T_i$ and $ \langle dN_{ch}/d\eta\rangle $ demonstrates a positive relationship, while, the correlation between $T$ and $q-1$, and $q-1$ and $ \langle dN_{ch}/d\eta\rangle $ is negative. Finally, we implement an extra flow correction on the $T$ parameter. Our findings reveal that the Doppler-corrected temperature parameter aligns closely with the $T$ in scenarios with lower multiplicities. However, as the multiplicity increases, a noticeable divergence emerges between these parameters, indicating a widening separation between them.

show abstract

Section: Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the correlation between thermal and kinematic parameters in various multiplicity classes within 7 and 13 TeV pp collisions

Waqas,

Bietenholz,

Bouzidi

et al. 2024

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Theoretical prediction of cosmic rays models for strange particles production at RHIC energy

Waqas,

Alrebdi,

Ajaz

et al. 2024

Results in Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analysis of transverse momentum spectra of protons, deuterons, and tritons in symmetric heavy-ion collisions at = 200 GeV at the RHIC

Ahmad,

Ullah,

Zaman

et al. 2025

Chinese Phys. C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The blast wave model with Tsallis statistics is used to analyze the transverse momentum spectra of the protons (p), deuteron (d), and triton (t) in √(s_NN ) = 200 GeV gold-gold (Au-Au) collisions at RHIC in various centrality bins. In particular transverse momentum ranges, model results closely match experimental data from the PHENIX (p) and STAR (d and t) Collaborations. The data is compared with protons obtained in Cu+Cu collisions and deuteron and triton in Ru+Ru collisions at 200 GeV, center of mass energy from STAR collaboration. Particle spectra are used to derive the kinetic freeze-out temperatures, transverse flow velocities, and freeze-out volumes. According to the findings, the kinetic freeze-out temperature rises as one goes from the central to peripheral collisions. In this transition, the transverse flow velocity and the freeze-out volume both drop. In the collisions of both Collaborations, this work reveals mass-dependent kinetic freeze-out temperature and differential volume possibilities. On the whole, the non-extensivity parameter q decreases with increasing centrality of the studied heavy-ion collisions, and heavier mass particles have smaller values of q, which implies higher degrees of thermalization and equilibrium in more central collisions and for heavier particles.

show abstract

Multiplicity Dependence of the Freeze-Out Parameters in Symmetric and Asymmetric Nuclear Collisions at Large Hadron Collider Energies

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Analyzing the correlation between thermal and kinematic parameters in various multiplicity classes within 7 and 13 TeV pp collisions

Analyzing the correlation between thermal and kinematic parameters in various multiplicity classes within 7 and 13 TeV pp collisions

Theoretical prediction of cosmic rays models for strange particles production at RHIC energy

Analysis of transverse momentum spectra of protons, deuterons, and tritons in symmetric heavy-ion collisions at = 200 GeV at the RHIC

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About