“… 15 , 16 In recent decades, advanced catalysts were synthesized by precisely controlling the size, interface, and pore structures via ALD at the atomic and molecular levels. 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 Moreover, ALD strategies have been developed to design and synthesize well-defined catalysts with complex functional structures, such as confined catalysts, 25 , 26 , 27 sandwich catalysts, 28 catalysts with spatially separated metal structures, 29 , 30 tube-in-tube catalysts, 31 and encapsulated catalysts. 21 The confinement effect, the function of the metal-oxide interface, and the synergy effect have been well investigated and revealed in these catalytic systems.…”