Multiply negatively charged aluminium clusters II.

Walsh, Noelle; Martinez, Franklin; Marx, G.; Schweikhard, L.; Ziegler, F.

doi:10.1140/epjd/e2008-00255-3

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This discrepancy was resolved by introducing a correction δ > 0 for the electronic spill-out 42 to the cluster radius, motivated by the increased electron-electron repulsion in a highly negatively charged cluster. [36][37][38] This leads directly to the second step of the present approach. The stability of a poly-anion increases with the size of the cluster, i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…[35][36][37][38] For the gold cluster tetra-, penta-, and hexa-anions, the smallest observed cluster sizes, n min (z), are extracted from Figure 5b-d and listed in Table 2, together with the respective sizes for gold diand trianions. 31 Table 2: Minimum cluster sizes n min and appearance cluster sizes n app for z-fold charged gold cluster anions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…calculations are performed for T = 0 K. Corresponding approaches were used for calculations on small, solid particles, 33 and have been applied to describe the observed poly-anion abundances of metal clusters close to room temperature. 31,[34][35][36][37] While a rather smooth increase of abundance is observed for meta-stable poly-anions as a function of cluster size, calculated lifetimes predict a much sharper slope. 38 In other words, the clusters are less stable with respect to electron emission than predicted from the 0-K field-emission model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abundances of Tetra-, Penta-, and Hexa-Anionic Gold Clusters

et al. 2015

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Tetra-, penta-and hexa-anionic gold clusters have been produced in a Penning trap. Their abundances have been investigated as a function of cluster size, and critical sizes have been determined for each charge state. Previous descriptions of the poly-anion abundance by means of field emission on the one hand, and by thermionic emission on the other hand, are extended to a temperature-dependent fieldemission model. The latter provides an improved explanation of experimental data, in particular for tetra-and penta-anionic gold clusters. Although the present approach is still based on a temperature concept from the bulk, it demonstrates the advantage of combining both the thermal excitation of electrons and the tunneling process in the description of stability of multiply negatively charged metal clusters with respect to electron emission.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abundances of Tetra-, Penta-, and Hexa-Anionic Gold Clusters

et al. 2015

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“…Later, di-, tri-, tetra-, and penta-anions of aluminum clusters were observed [14,15,30,31]. With the recent upgrade of the ClusterTrap setup to a 12-T Penning trap, higher charge states for gold clusters have been reported, reaching from tetra-up to hexa-anions [17,18].…”

Section: Electron Attachment In a Penning Trapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron attachment to anionic clusters in ion traps

et al. 2015

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Ion traps are versatile tools for the investigation of gas-phase cluster ions, allowing, e.g., cluster-size selection and extended reaction times. Taking advantage of their particular storage capability of simultaneous trapping of electrons and clusters, Penning traps have been applied for the production of clusters with high negative charge states. Recently, linear radio-frequency quadrupole traps have been demonstrated to be another candidate to produce polyanionic clusters. Operation with rectangular, rather than harmonic, radio-frequency voltages provides field-free time slots for unhindered electron passage through the trap. Several aspects of electron-attachment techniques by means of Penning and radio-frequency traps are addressed and recent experimental results are presented.

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“…In a series of experiments, Schweikhard and his coworkers [27][28][29] have produced aluminum clusters with two, three, and four excess of electrons, 2 Al N − , 3 Al N − , and 4 Al N − . This was made possible by placing single-charge anionic clusters, Al N − , in a Penning ion trap apparatus [30], where the stored anions are exposed to an electron bath.…”

Section: Ionization Potential and Electron Affinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic and Optical Properties of Simple Metal Clusters

Alonso¹

2011

Structure and Properties of Atomic Nanoclusters

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Figure 5.3. Measured photoelectron spectra of expected closed shell anions Al N − compared to spectra of 1 Al N − + . The closed shell clusters (left panel) show large photodetachment energies. On the other hand, low binding energy features and energy gaps are apparent in the clusters of the right panel. Reproduced from X. Li et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 81, 1909-1912 with permission of the American Physical Society. Structure and Properties of Atomic Nanoclusters Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by KAINAN UNIVERSITY on 03/11/15. For personal use only. 2 28 Al − , 3 115 Al − , and 4 257Al − . These critical sizes are smaller than those obtained from Eq. (5.9) and agree better with experiment. Odd-Even EffectsA second feature, which has been observed in clusters of monovalent selectron metals (alkaline and noble metals), is an odd-even effect, also apparent in the mass spectrum. Some examples are now given:Structure and Properties of Atomic Nanoclusters Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by KAINAN UNIVERSITY on 03/11/15. For personal use only.

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Multiply negatively charged aluminium clusters II.

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Abundances of Tetra-, Penta-, and Hexa-Anionic Gold Clusters

Abundances of Tetra-, Penta-, and Hexa-Anionic Gold Clusters

Electron attachment to anionic clusters in ion traps

Electronic and Optical Properties of Simple Metal Clusters

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