Multipoint fiber Bragg grating laser sensor interrogated by the intermodal beating frequency

This paper presents an overview of optical fiber sensor networks for remote sensing. Firstly, the state of the art of remote fiber sensor systems has been considered. We have summarized the great evolution of these systems in recent years; this progress confirms that fiber-optic remote sensing is a promising technology with a wide field of practical applications. Afterwards, the most representative remote fiber-optic sensor systems are briefly explained, discussing their schemes, challenges, pros and cons. Finally, a synopsis of the main factors to take into consideration in the design of a remote sensor system is gathered.

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“…When the first fiber-optic sensor networks were designed with some kilometers [54,55], they were considered as remote sensor systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 summarizes the state of the art of remote sensing systems for optical fiber sensors in chronological order taking into account the most representative characteristics of the systems. When the first fiber-optic sensor networks were designed with some kilometers [ 54 , 55 ], they were considered as remote sensor systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Fiber Networks for Remote Fiber Optic Sensors

Fernández-Vallejo

Lopez-Amo

2012

Sensors

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“…Initially Er-doped fiber amplifiers were utilized for this kind of laser [5]. Nowadays Raman amplification [6,7], EDFAs [8], SOAs [9] or hybrid amplification systems [10][11][12][13] are utilized depending on the application and distance to be achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilient long-distance sensor system using a multiwavelength Raman laser

Fernández-Vallejo¹,

Díaz²,

Pérez-Herrera³

et al. 2010

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This paper shows a long-distance remote sensing system using a multiwavelength Raman laser. The sensor network is based on a 50 km long standard single-mode fiber (SMF) and is composed of a simple cavity based on a loop mirror and four fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) arranged in a star configuration. FBGs are used for both the sensing function and the selection of the lasing wavelengths. The system is designed to be inherently resilient to fiber failures. The multiwavelength laser has been characterized for temperature measurements showing a good stability performance.

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“…The pulling of FBGs changes their reflection for the laser wavelength and changes the frequency difference between laser modes. We measure the frequency difference by monitoring the beating frequency on the photo detector output [14]. semiconductor laser was launched inside system through WDM coupler.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Using the intermodal beating frequency to interrogate a multipoint fiber Bragg grating laser sensor</title>

et al. 2004

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A multipoint fiber laser sensor, which consists of two cavities coupled based in three Bragg gratings of fiber optics and interrogated by the longitudinal mode beating frequency is presented. We used one Bragg grating (reference) and two Bragg gratings (sensors), which have the lowest reflection wavelength. The reference grating with the two sensors grating make two cavities: first one is the internal cavity which has 4230 m of length and the next one is the external cavity which has 4277 m of length. Measuring the laser beating frequency with a radio frequency (rf) analyzer for a resonance cavity and moving the frequency peaks when the another cavity are put in resonance, we prove that the arrangement can be used as a two points sensor for determining the difference of temperature or stress between these two points. On the other hand, one principal peak and three harmonics with bandwidths of 52Hz were obtained with the rf analyzer. Their bandwidth was controlled by an intra-cavity fiber Optical Delay Line (ODL) and was measured with the rf analyzer.

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Multipoint fiber Bragg grating laser sensor interrogated by the intermodal beating frequency

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Optical Fiber Networks for Remote Fiber Optic Sensors

Optical Fiber Networks for Remote Fiber Optic Sensors

Resilient long-distance sensor system using a multiwavelength Raman laser

<title>Using the intermodal beating frequency to interrogate a multipoint fiber Bragg grating laser sensor</title>

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