Multiprotocol backscatter for personal IoT sensors

Gong, Wei; Yuan, Longzhi; Wang, Qiwei; Zhao, Jia

doi:10.1145/3386367.3432883

Cited by 46 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We note some recent efforts that have been devoted in this vein. Gong et al present an interesting design termed as Multiscatter [41], which makes the same tag able to simultaneously work with various excitation signals including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and ZigBee. Compared with SD-PHY, the multiscatter tag also demonstrates a way to integrate different ambient backscatter modulation techniques into the single hardware.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling software-defined PHY for backscatter networks

Zhu

Ouyang

Feng

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services

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In this paper, we for the first time show how to enable softwaredefined PHY (SD-PHY) to achieve agile reprogrammability in wireless backscatter networks. This can facilitate innovations in this field by relieving researchers from unnecessary engineering work. With SD-PHY, the tag's PHY-layer behavior can be neatly defined by configuring a set of parameters, which allows the common hardware to generate backscattered signals complying with various wireless protocols. The SD-PHY architecture is based on the key insight that the tag's PHY-layer behavior is essentially determined by reflection coefficient sequence.The SD-PHY is factually to instruct the hardware: How to generate various reflection coefficient sequences that meet different protocols' requirements at the right time; under what clock rate to feed the generated sequence into RF switches on the tag. We abstract such instructions into a set of parameters. To make different parameter values take effect in the runtime, innovative designs of the generic wake-up receiver, baseband modulator, and clock signal generator on the tag, which are responsible for executing those parameterized instructions. We design and implement a general hardware platform to support the SD-PHY software. Moreover, we demonstrate that under the unified SD-PHY framework how the same tag can generate different kinds of backscatter signals, which could obey standardized protocols such as Wi-Fi (11b/g), BLE, LoRa, and LTE, as well as highly customized protocols such as OFDMA backscatter and NetScatter. Experimental results show that the system presents similar performance no matter it is realized with universal SD-PHY or a dedicated design approach.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling software-defined PHY for backscatter networks

Zhu

Ouyang

Feng

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services

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show abstract

“…Ref. [ 14 ] proposed multiscatter, a backscatter protocol for personal IoT sensors implying multiple excitation signals like WiFi, ZigBee and Bluetooth can work concurrently while maintaining ongoing data communication for legacy wireless technologies. In addition to conveying tag information on multiple signals, an overlay modulation, i.e., a new modulation scheme, was employed and yet ultra-low power consumption was achieved.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This plausible concept leverages the possibility to reuse existing WiFi infrastructure to provide connectivity relying on ambient WiFi as its excitation signal. As a result of its attractive features, WiFi backscatter has seen developments and prototyping lately from the industry and academia [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Filter Decoding in WiFi Backscatter Communication

Nti

Yun

2021

Sensors

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WiFi backscatter communication has emerged as a promising enabler of ultralow-power connectivity for Internet of things, wireless sensor network and smart energy. In this paper, we propose a multi-filter design for effective decoding of WiFi backscattered signals. Backscattered signals are relatively weak compared to carrier WiFi signals and therefore require algorithms that filter out original WiFi signals without affecting the backscattered signals. Two multi-filter designs for WiFi backscatter decoding are presented: the summation and delimiter approaches. Both implementations employ the use of additional filters with different window sizes to efficiently cut off undesired noise/interference, thus enhancing frame detection and decoding performance, and can be coupled with a wide range of decoding algorithms. The designs are particularly productive in the frequency-shift WiFi backscatter communication. We demonstrate via prototyping and testbed experiments that the proposed design enhances the performance of various decoding algorithms in real environments.

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“…Ambient backscatter communication [1] has recently received much attention for ultralow-power communication among low-end tag-type devices (e.g., sensor nodes) with the aid of existing signal sources in Internet of Things (IoT) environments. It is realized by allowing a tag device to reflect and absorb ambient signals in the air, such as TV broadcast signals [1], [2], FM radio signals [3], LoRa signals [4], Bluetooth signals [5], mmWave signals [6], or signals from multiple sources [7]- [9], in accordance with the data bits to be transmitted; thus, there is no need for the deployment of infrastructure for dedicated signal sources. Then, the amplitude, phase, or both of the carrier signal will be modulated accordingly so that a receiver can decode the data bits from it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectro-Temporal Combining in Bistate WiFi Backscatter Communication With Frequency Shift

2021

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In WiFi backscatter communication, the frequency shift technique allows a backscattered signal to appear not in the frequency channel of the carrier signal but in adjacent ones, thus avoiding noisy OFDM-based carrier signals and increasing the communication range. Through testbed experiments, we observe that frequency shift is effective in mitigating the impact of the inherent fluctuation of WiFi signals, particularly in bistate backscatter communication; however, due to the weak strength of the backscattered signal, other signals from incumbent transmitters may appear in the shifted frequency channels, significantly interfering with the backscattered signal. To combat this challenge in a way that is nondisruptive to incumbent transmitters, we propose a receiver-side spectro-temporal combining scheme in which spectrum combining is performed to suppress interference appearing in one of the shifted channels, while temporal combining is performed with transmission repetitions to suppress bit errors resulting from residual interference. The scheme's on-the-fly spectrum combining and bit-sequence temporal combining require minimal buffer memory. Through system prototyping and testbed experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional and temporal-combining-only cases in terms of the bit error rate and throughput under various conditions.

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Multiprotocol backscatter for personal IoT sensors

Cited by 46 publications

References 37 publications

Enabling software-defined PHY for backscatter networks

Enabling software-defined PHY for backscatter networks

Multi-Filter Decoding in WiFi Backscatter Communication

Spectro-Temporal Combining in Bistate WiFi Backscatter Communication With Frequency Shift

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