Multiresidue analysis of pesticides in soil by liquid-solid extraction procedure

Abstract

SuMMARyA multiresidue method for simultaneous determination of four pesticides (diazinon, acetochlor, aldrine and carbofuran) belonging to different pesticide groups, extracted from soil samples, is described. The method presented is based on liquid-solid extraction (LSE) and determination of pesticides, i.e. the pesticides were extracted by methanol-acetone mixture, purified on florisil column and eluted by ethyl acetate-acetone mixture. Optimization of the main parameters affecting the LSE procedure, such as the choice of purification sorbent, as well as the elution solvent and its volume, were investigated in details and optimized. Also, validation of the proposed method was done.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for detection and quantification of the pesticides studied. Relative standard deviation (RSD) and recovery values for multiple analysis of soil samples fortified with 30 μg/kg of each pesticide were below 8% and higher than 89%, respectively. Limits of detection (LOD) for all the compounds studied were less than 4 μg/kg.

Optimization and validation of a QuEChERS-based method for the simultaneous environmental monitoring of 218 pesticide residues in clay loam soil

“…Pesticide extraction in soils has been carried out using many different extraction techniques: liquid-solid extraction (LSE) (Djurovic et al, 2012), ultrasonic solvent extraction (Castro et al, 2001;Tor et al, 2006), Soxhlet extraction (Wong et al, 2010;Zhou et al, 2013), microwaved-assisted extraction (de Andrea et al, 2001;Merdassa et al, 2013), pressurized liquid extraction (Masia et al, 2015;Vidal et al, 2010), supercritical fluid extraction (Forero-Mendieta et al, 2012;Snyder et al, 1994), solid-phase microextraction (Djurovic et al, 2010;Fernandez-Alvarez et al, 2008), and most recently, modified QuEChERS (Asensio-Ramos et al, 2010;Lesueur et al, 2008), which seems to be one of the most convenient due to the high extraction yields that can be achieved. (Perestrelo et al, 2019).…”

Influence of QuEChERS modifications on recovery and matrix effect during the multi-residue pesticide analysis in soil by GC/MS/MS and GC/ECD/NPD

“…In the literature, the analytical procedures for the determination of pesticide residues in soil commonly are based on traditional sample preparation methods, such as: liquid solid (LSE) (Durović et al 2012), solid phase extraction (SPE) (Dąbrowska et al 2003), ultrasonication in acetone (Harrison et al 2013), and in soxhlet apparatus extraction (Sanghi and Kannamkumarath 2004). Other methods, such as accelerated solvent (ASE) (Rouvière et al 2012), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) (Pastor-Belda et al 2015), matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) (Łozowicka et al 2012), ultrasonic solvent (USE) (Tor et al 2006), microwave assisted (MAE) (Guo and Lee 2013; Fuentes et al 2007), pressurized liquid (PLE) (Martinez Vidal et al 2010; Masiá et al 2015), solid phase microextraction (SPME) (Moreno et al 2006), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (Naeeni et al 2011) have been developed to reduce the amount of reagents and time provided on sample preparation.…”

Phytoremediation and Bioremediation of Pesticide-Contaminated Soil

“…Numerous methods have been developed and used for the separation of pesticides from soil and plant matter. Liquid extraction processes have been used extensively for sample preparation [63,77,250]. Sonication has been used to enhance mixing and extraction effectiveness [77].…”