Multiscale Analysis of Geo-Hazards Affecting the Alhambra Cultural Heritage

Merodo, J. A. Fernández; Martín-Mateos, Rosa; Azañón, José Miguel; Ezquerro, Pablo; García-Davalillo, Juan Carlos; Béjar, Marta; Herrera, Gerardo; Novo, Catuxa; Bee, Emma; Themistocleous, Kyriacos; Crosta, Giovanni B.; Frattini, Paolo; Castellanza, Riccardo; Leoni, Gabriele; Spizzichino, Daniele; Margottini, Claudio

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13810-2_3

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…They are located at the top of two steep cliffs, which, in the past, have been affected by rockfall events and issues of retrogression. Assessment of the geo-hazards of such historical sites represents an important task both for the safety of people living in the area and for preservation of the cultural heritage [47]. Montefalcone Appennino has been studied in the past by other authors with the goal of reconstructing its structural and geomorphological evolution [48][49][50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost and Fast Operational Procedure to Identify Potential Slope Instabilities in Cultural Heritage Sites

Morelli,

Bonì,

De Donatis

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Italy is famous for its one-of-a-kind landscapes and the many cultural heritage sites characterizing the story of its regions. In central Italy, during the medieval age, some of them were built on the top of high and steep cliffs, often on the top of ancient ruins, to protect urban agglomerations, goods and people. The geographical locations of these centers allowed them to maintain their original conformation over time, but, at the same time, exposed them to a high risk of landslides. In this context, this research aimed to present an integrated and low-cost approach to study the potential landslide phenomena affecting two medieval towns. Field surveys and mapping were carried out through the use of innovative digital mapping tools to create a digital database directly on the field. Data gathered during field surveys were integrated with GIS analyses for an improved interpretation of the geological and geomorphological features. Due to the inaccessibility of the cliffs surrounding the two villages, a more detailed analysis of these areas was performed through the use of unmanned aerial vehicle-based photogrammetry, while advanced differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (A-DInSAR) interpretation was undertaken to verify the stability of the buildings in proximity to the cliffs and other potential active failures. The results of the study highlighted the similar geometry and structural settings of the two areas. Kinematically, the intersection of three main joint sets tends to detach blocks (sometimes in high volumes) from the cliffs. The A-DInSAR analysis demonstrated the presence of a landslide failure along the northwest side of the Monte San Martino town. The buildings in proximity to the cliffs did not show evidence of movements. More generally, this research gives insights into the pro and cons of different survey and analysis approaches and into the benefits of their procedural integration in space and in time. Overall, the procedure developed here may be applied in similar contexts in order to understand the structural features driving slopes’ instabilities and create digital databases of geological/monitoring data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost and Fast Operational Procedure to Identify Potential Slope Instabilities in Cultural Heritage Sites

Morelli,

Bonì,

De Donatis

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Numerical simulations performed by Vlcko et al [46] showed that block spreading is a significant cause of the deformations observed with instrumentation and field surveys at the Spis Castle, resulting in a modeling approach with minimal intervention on the property's structure that can be used in stabilization plans. Among others, examples of model-based approaches are provided by studies at the Rupestrian Churches of Matera (Italy) [47,48], the Zelve Open-Air Museum (Türkiye) [49], the Chinese heritage sites of the Fortified Manors of Yongtai [50] and Mogao Caves [51], Alhambra [52], and 12 churches considered Assets of Cultural Interest of Spain [53].…”

Section: Publications By Year Study Scope and Approach-based Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 12.1% of the case studies were dedicated to debris flow and earth flow, usually assessed by a geomorphological approach and a multidisciplinary approach (Figure 7). Different from other landslide types, several papers aimed to reconstruct past flow events using the abovementioned approaches to understand the reactivation regime and the mobilized material source areas [52,[94][95][96].…”

Section: Case Studies Geographical Distribution Climatic Context and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heritage 2023, 6 6660 flow events using the abovementioned approaches to understand the reactivation regime and the mobilized material source areas [52,[94][95][96]. Soil and rock spreading and deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DGSD) were analyzed in fewer case studies in comparison to other landslide types (Figure 7).…”

Section: Case Studies Geographical Distribution Climatic Context and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landslides and Cultural Heritage—A Review

Bonini,

Vieira,

Corrêa

et al. 2023

Heritage

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Cultural heritage sites can be affected by landslides, often causing damage to their integrity, value, and accessibility. Several studies worldwide were focused on the assessment of the potential threats that landslides can pose to the preservation of cultural heritage sites. This article aims to review landslide studies at cultural heritage sites worldwide, analyzing the publications’ temporal distribution, selected methods, geographical and climate contexts, and investigated landslide types. We analyzed a database of 331 publications from 2000 to 2023 in study areas distributed across 47 countries, compiled through systematic queries of the Web of Science and Scopus catalogs. The results show an increase in the number of publications from 2012 onwards, with most studies performing landslide susceptibility analyses on cultural heritage sites. The majority of the studies deployed a geomorphological approach address slope instability mechanisms that threaten site integrity, with a significant number of publications presenting model-based, multidisciplinary and engineering geological approaches. Europe, North America, and Asia and the Pacific concentrate the majority of studies, with Italy and China having the highest number of case studies. The threats to cultural heritage sites located in Latin America and the Caribbean, and Africa are the least studied. Block slides, earth slides, and rock falls are the most studied processes, with fewer studies dealing with other landslide types.

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Multiscale Analysis of Geo-Hazards Affecting the Alhambra Cultural Heritage

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

A Low-Cost and Fast Operational Procedure to Identify Potential Slope Instabilities in Cultural Heritage Sites

A Low-Cost and Fast Operational Procedure to Identify Potential Slope Instabilities in Cultural Heritage Sites

Landslides and Cultural Heritage—A Review

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