Multiscale characterisation of chimneys/pipes: Fluid escape structures within sedimentary basins

Robinson, A. H.; Callow, Ben; Böttner, Christoph; Yilo, Naima; Provenzano, Giuseppe; Falcón-Suarez, Ismael; Marín‐Moreno, Héctor; Lichtschlag, Anna; Bayrakci, Gaye; Gehrmann, Romina; Parkes, Lou; Roche, Ben; Saleem, Umer; Schramm, Bettina; Waage, Malin; Lavayssière, Aude; Li, Jianghui; Jedari-Eyvazi, Farid; Sahoo, Sourav K.; Deusner, Christian; Kossel, Elke; Minshull, T. A.; Berndt, Christian; Bull, Jonathan M.; Dean, Marcella; James, Rachael H.; Chapman, Mark; Best, Angus I.; Bünz, Stefan; Chen, Baixin; Connelly, Douglas P.; Elger, Judith; Haeckel, Matthias; Henstock, T.; Karstens, Jens; Macdonald, C. M.; Matter, Juerg M.; North, Laurence J.; Reinardy, Benedict

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103245

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…This complicates the analysis of vertical seismic anomalies (chimneys), which are defined by their disturbed seismic character, and differentiates these structures from imaging artefacts. Seismic artefacts, including acoustic masking, velocity pull-down and pull-up effects and bright spot multiples can generate vertical seismic anomalies, which can be misinterpreted as focused fluid conduits (Callow et al, 2021). (Figure 7b,c), which show a depth-varying shape, that is probably lithology-related and would not be expected for poor data acquisition.…”

Section: Deep-sourced Fluid-flow Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, fluid escape or seal bypass structures permit pressure-driven, focused fluid flow, which cross-cut overburden stratigraphy, hydraulically connecting deeper strata with the seafloor (e.g. Cartwright et al, 2007Cartwright et al, , 2021Cartwright & Santamarina, 2015;Løseth et al, 2009;Robinson et al, 2021). Therefore, understanding the physical properties of fluid pathways and the mechanisms of fluid flow is critical for the risk assessment of potential subsurface geohazard and fluid escape (Callow et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cartwright et al, 2007Cartwright et al, , 2021Cartwright & Santamarina, 2015;Løseth et al, 2009;Robinson et al, 2021). Therefore, understanding the physical properties of fluid pathways and the mechanisms of fluid flow is critical for the risk assessment of potential subsurface geohazard and fluid escape (Callow et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon Capture and Storage have been widely recognized as a key solution for reducing anthropogenic CO 2 emissions in the atmosphere (Robinson et al, 2021), thus leading to a growing need to identify potential sites suitable for CO 2 geological storage (Donda et al, 2013). Fluids, such as hydrocarbon and CO 2 , can be naturally or artificially sequestered within porous and permeable subsurface reservoirs (Bachu, 2000; Ringrose & Meckel, 2019), commonly overlain by impermeable cap rocks and low‐permeability overburden stratigraphy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and geological controls of the seabed fluid flow system, the central‐western Bohai Sea: A general overview

et al. 2022

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Thorough understanding of seabed fluid flow system is of great significance to geohazard identification and hydrocarbon exploration as it can reshape the seabed and act as an indicator of subsurface hydrocarbon resources. For the first time, an integrated study of side‐scan sonar, single‐ and multi‐channel seismic data and magnetic data reveals a complex fluid flow system composed of various seafloor expressions (i.e. pockmarks and mounds) and shallow fluid migration pathways in the central‐west Bohai Sea off northeast China. Gas chimneys, mud diapirs and a dense network of Quaternary faults are the main fluid migration pathways in the shallow subsurface. The gas chimneys can be classified into three categories (Type A formed by relatively rapid gas escape, Type B formed by episodic fluid expulsion and Type C formed by fluid escape from mud diapirs), based on their distribution and seismic character, implying variability in the formation processes. Sediment remobilization and basement‐involved faults contribute to deep fluid migration into shallow depths. As a seal for up‐moving fluids, the nature and thickness of Holocene marine sediments generally decide the permeability and overburden pressure that may control the distribution of pockmarks and mounds since they are almost distributed above relatively thin Holocene deposits (thickness <20 m) and localized coarse surface sediments. The results of the interpretation gain an improved understanding of the geological processes controlling the genesis and spatial distribution of gas chimney formation and show the significance of gas chimney classification. The distribution pattern of different types of gas chimneys may signify the difference of geological background and fluid flow process, like fluid migration through faults or flow of mobilized sediments, that is crucial for the evaluation of global petroleum systems and Carbon Capture and Storage studies.

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Section: Deep-sourced Fluid-flow Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and geological controls of the seabed fluid flow system, the central‐western Bohai Sea: A general overview

et al. 2022

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“…or their mutual feed-back. It means that even with the best quality seismic data available today, the interpretation is based on a very simplified picture [53,54].…”

Section: Insights From Field Data I Geophysical Imagery Of Active Flu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Future challenges on focused fluid migration in sedimentary basins: Insight from field data, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations

Gay

Vidal

2022

Pap. Phys.

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In a present context of sustainable energy and hazard mitigation, understanding fluid migration in sedimentary basins – large subsea provinces of fine saturated sands and clays – is a crucial challenge. Such migration leads to gas or liquid expulsion at the seafloor, whichmay be the signature of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs, or precursors to violent subsea fluid releases. If the former may orient future exploitation, the latter represent strong hazards for anthropic activities such as offshore production, CO$_2$ storage, transoceanic telecom fibers or deep-sea mining. However, at present, the dynamics of fluid migration in sedimentary layers, in particular the upper 500 m, still remains unknown in spite of its strong influence on fluid distribution at the seafloor. Understanding the mechanisms controlling fluid migration and release requires the combination of accurate field data, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. Each technique shall lead to the understanding of the fluid structures, the mechanisms at stake, and deep insights into fundamental processes ranging from the grain scale to the kilometers-long natural pipes in the sedimentary layers.Here we review the present available techniques, advances and challenges still open for the geosciences, physics, and computer science communities.

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Short‐Duration Events Associated With Active Seabed Methane Venting

Bayrakci,

Bull,

Minshull

et al. 2023

Noisy Oceans

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Multiscale characterisation of chimneys/pipes: Fluid escape structures within sedimentary basins

Cited by 18 publications

References 168 publications

Distribution and geological controls of the seabed fluid flow system, the central‐western Bohai Sea: A general overview

Distribution and geological controls of the seabed fluid flow system, the central‐western Bohai Sea: A general overview

Future challenges on focused fluid migration in sedimentary basins: Insight from field data, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations

Short‐Duration Events Associated With Active Seabed Methane Venting

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