Multiscale modelling of the magnetic Barkhausen noise energy cycles

Abstract

The magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) control is popular for materials characterization and as a magnetic Non-Destructive Testing & Evaluation (NDT & E) method. MBN comes from the erratic and unpredictable magnetic domains motion during the magnetization process. Its correlation to the micro-structural properties is evident. MBN is usually studied through time independent indicators, like the MBNenergy, which is obtained by integrating the square of the MBN voltage signal with respect to the time axis. By plotting the MBN energy as a function of the tangent excitation field H, a hysteresis cycle can be observed. After renormalization, the comparison with the classic induction vs excitation B(H) hysteresis loop provides interesting observations. Similar shapes can be observed if the domain wall contribution is preponderant in the magnetization process. On the contrary, strong differences appear if the magnetization rotation mechanism is stronger. There is no available standard for the exploitation of MBN control devices. Usual procedures rely on rejection thresholds based on empirical relations. In this domain, simulation tools able to refine these thresholds and improve the understanding of the physical behavior are highly desired. In this study, a simulation method combining a multiscale model for the anhysteretic behavior and the Jiles-Atherton theory is proposed to simulate precisely the MBNenergy hysteresis cycles. The use of the multiscale model allows separating the contributions of domain wall motion and magnetization rotation mechanisms.The satisfying simulation results validate the approach and constitute a major step toward a comprehensive simulation tool dedicated to MBN.

Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Transient Analysis for Microstructure Evolution Characterization with Tensile Stress in Elastic and Plastic Status

“…In particular, the rate of magnetization change occurring as Barkhausen activity is expected to be proportional to the rate of change of magnetization occurring as irreversible magnetization changes. The rate of magnetization change occurring as Barkhausen emission [25,26]:…”

“…From J-A model, Barkhausen activity dM JS /dt is proportional to dM irr /dH and the change rate of the magnetic field dH/dt [13]. The magnetization M of a ferromagnetic material can be decomposed into the reversible (M rev ) and the irreversible (M irr ) contributions [25]. The total Barkhausen signal per unit time dM JS /dt is distributed as a product of these terms with the dimensionless term γ which simply represents the fraction of the irreversible magnetization change [13,25]:…”

Effect of stress on the magnetic Barkhausen noise energy cycles: A route for stress evaluation in ferromagnetic materials

“…Several indicators have been used for the estimation of residual stress: MBNenvelop [21], RMS value [15][16], MBNenergy [24], or statistical markers, including the number of avalanches [29]. The relation between mechanical stress and MBN is nonlinear and is affected by plastic deformation and fatigue [32].…”

“…The objective of this work is to establish a modeling framework for the effect of stress on MBN and reach a quantitative understanding of stress evaluation. This work follows the footsteps of a recent modeling approach for the description of MBN [24] [47]. MBN is studied through the MBNenergy(H) hysteresis cycles simulated by combining an anhysteretic behavior and a hysteresis contribution.…”

“…MBN is studied through the MBNenergy(H) hysteresis cycles simulated by combining an anhysteretic behavior and a hysteresis contribution. Compared to the previous contribution [24], the modeling approach is now capable of describing the effect of mechanical stress on the MBN response.…”