Multiscale Structural Characterization of Biobased Diallyl–Eugenol Polymer Networks

Abstract

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Multiscale Network Structure Analysis by Time Domain 1H DQ NMR and DMA of Resorcinol Diglycidyl Ether‐Jeffamine Matrices

“…These values are fairly similar between each other, confirming again that both series are analogous to each other structurally. Similar results on non‐zero y‐intercepts have been found for crosslinked polymers and have been attributed to physical entanglements. Indeed, 1 H DQ NMR experiments are able to probe and quantify such entanglements as their relaxation times are comparable to the NMR measuring window time (i. e. range of microseconds) which is not the case for DMA, as physical entanglements relax faster than the technique measuring window time (i. e. 1 Hz=1 s) …”

“…Nevertheless, these investigations did not address in detail the influence of the materials structure on their macroscopic functional properties. In that regard, 1 H DQ has been successfully used in combination with DMA measurements, to study Poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) and Eugenol‐based networks . Both polymers are highly‐crosslinked materials with both investigations successfully demonstrated a good agreement between the materials network structure and their macroscopic properties.…”

Influence of Keratin on Epoxidized Linseed Oil Curing and Thermoset Performances

“…According to Flory’s theory, , the cross-link density ( ν ) of the material is directly related to the storage modulus in the rubber region and can be calculated based on the equation where E ′ is the storage modulus in the rubbery region, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature. For a more accurate determination of the cross-link density ( ν ), the values of the storage modulus ( E ′) were recorded at temperatures well above the glass transition temperature ( T g + 80 °C) of the analyzed materials. , The average molar mass between cross-links ( M C ) were calculated using the Tobolsky equation (eq )­ where ρ is the determined density (g·cm –3 ) and E ′ is the storage modulus in the rubbery plateau (MPa) at 130 °C. The obtained values for ν and M C are listed in Table .…”

“…For a more accurate determination of the cross-link density (ν), the values of the storage modulus (E′) were recorded at temperatures well above the glass transition temperature (T g + 80 °C) of the analyzed materials. 49,50 The average molar mass between crosslinks (M C ) were calculated using the Tobolsky 51 equation (eq 6)…”

Eugenol, a Promising Building Block for Biobased Polymers with Cutting-Edge Properties

“…Neda et al reported the synthesis of allyl-etherified eugenol (AEG) using allyl bromide and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in DMSO in high yield (96%) as depicted in Scheme . This synthetic strategy has been followed by several authors to obtain AEG. − Other solvents such as acetone or DMF can be used in this synthesis producing similar yields. , The reaction can be performed with potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) as the base instead of NaOH, , leading also to high reaction yields. , However, anhydrous DMF was used as solvent, which is considered a harmful solvent, whereas the use of other solvents such as acetone caused a significatively drop in the reaction yield (56%) …”