SUMMARYQuality and reliability are two important factors in manufacturing-system design. However, the analysis and optimization of manufacturing-system reliability and product quality are normally conducted separately in practice. There is no general framework to integrate these two important factors, quantitatively analyze the interactions between them, and further study their integrated effects on the manufacturing-system performance. In this paper, the QR-Co-Effect of product/part quality and manufacturing-system component reliability is investigated in an assembly fixture system. The concept, model and analysis of QR-Co-Effect are addressed in this paper.