Multistrain Outbreak of Chancroid in San Francisco, 1989-1991

Flood, Jennifer; Sarafian, S. K.; Bolan, Gail; Lammel, Claudia J.; Engelman, Joseph; Greenblatt, Ruth M.; Brooks, Geo. F.; Back, Arthur F.; Morse, Stephen

doi:10.1093/infdis/167.5.1106

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…NMR spectroscopy of the oligosaccharides. To confirm the anomeric configurations of the oligosaccharides from the lbgA and lbgAB mutants, the 500-MHz 1 H NMR spectra of the dephosphorylated oligosaccharides were recorded at three temperatures (15,25, and 45°C). The spectra were compared to the 1 H NMR spectra of the oligosaccharides from H. ducreyi strain 35000 (16) and the TN 916 lbgB mutant (16).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lbgAB Gene Cluster of Haemophilus ducreyi Encodes a β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase and an α-1,6- dd -Heptosyltransferase Involved in Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis

et al. 2002

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All Haemophilus ducreyi strains examined contain a lipooligosaccharide (LOS) consisting of a single but variable branch oligosaccharide that emanates off the first heptose (Hep-I) of a conserved Hep 3 -phosphorylated 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid-lipid A core. In a previous report, identification of tandem genes, lbgA and lbgB, that are involved in LOS biosynthesis was described (Stevens et al., Infect. Immun. 65:651-660, 1997). In a separate study, the same gene cluster was identified and the lbgB (losB) gene was found to be required for transfer of the second sugar, D-glycero-D-manno-heptose (DD-Hep), of the major branch structure (Gibson et al., J. Bacteriol. 179:5062-5071, 1997). In this study, we identified the function of the neighboring upstream gene, lbgA, and found that it is necessary for addition of the third sugar in the dominant oligosaccharide branch, a galactose-linked ␤134, to the DD-Hep. LOS from an lbgA mutant and an lbgAB double mutant were isolated and were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, carbohydrate analysis, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results showed that the mutant strains synthesize truncated LOS glycoforms that terminate after addition of the first glucose (lbgAB) or the disaccharide DD-Hep␣136Glc␤1 (lbgA) that is attached to the heptose core. Both mutants show a significant reduction in the ability to adhere to human keratinocytes. Although minor differences were observed after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of total proteins from the wild-type and mutant strains, the expression levels of the vast majority of proteins were unchanged, suggesting that the differences in adherence and invasion are due to differences in LOS. These studies add to the mounting evidence for a role of full-length LOS structures in the pathophysiology of H. ducreyi infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are few reported cases each year in the United States, outbreaks occur occasionally in urban areas (32,46). Furthermore, chancroid may be greatly underreported due to inadequate methods of detection (15,39).…”

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confidence: 99%

The lbgAB Gene Cluster of Haemophilus ducreyi Encodes a β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase and an α-1,6- dd -Heptosyltransferase Involved in Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis

et al. 2002

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“…Sarafian et al [76•] compared HindIII and HincII banding patterns (ribotypes) of strains from various geographic areas to establish the feasibility of this method for H. ducreyi. This method was first used to study the epidemiology of chancroid by Flood et al [77], who used a combination of ribotyping and plasmid analysis to investigate an outbreak of chancroid in San Francisco. From 1989 through May 1991, 54 cases of cultureconfirmed chancroid were reported.…”

Section: Haemophilus Ducreyimentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of molecular techniques for the diagnosis and epidemiologic study of sexually transmitted infections

Black

Morse

2000

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Molecular diagnostic tests are more sensitive and, in many cases, more specific than conventional laboratory methods for the detection of sexually transmitted infections. Here, we review recently developed molecular methods for the diagnosis and subtyping of the most common sexually transmitted infections: infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, human papillomavirus, Trichomonas vaginalis, and the agents of genital ulcer disease (Haemophilus ducreyi, herpes simplex virus, Treponema pallidum, and Calymmatobacterium granulomatis). We also provide an overview of the laboratory diagnostic tests and clinical specimens to use when infection with these agents is suspected.

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“…While strains from South Africa and Kenya were classified into several different ribotypes, consistent with the endemic nature of chancroid in these countries [11,12], results from US outbreaks have been mixed. Typing of H. ducreyi isolates from San Francisco in 1989-1991 indicated that this outbreak was due to several different strains; 6 different HindIII ribotype patterns were observed among the 32 isolates studied [28]. In contrast, 17 of the 18 isolates from an outbreak in Orange County, California, were caused by a single strain based on ribotyping analysis with HindIII [11].…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization ofHaemophilus ducreyiStrains from Jackson, Mississippi, and New Orleans, Louisiana

Haydock

Martín²,

Morse³

et al. 1999

J INFECT DIS

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Chancroid, a sexually transmitted disease caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, is one of the most common genital ulcer diseases in developing countries. In the United States, while less common, the disease has been associated with outbreaks in inner cities, particularly among persons who engage in sex for drugs or money. Two outbreaks of chancroid were recently studied in the United States, one in New Orleans (from 1990 to 1992) and one in Jackson, Mississippi (from 1994 to 1995). By use of ribotyping, plasmid content, and antibiotic susceptibility, the chancroid cases in New Orleans were found to be due to a limited number of strains, consistent with a limited introduction of H. ducreyi into this community. The H. ducreyi isolates from New Orleans and Jackson had different ribotype patterns, suggesting that the two outbreaks were probably not linked.

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Multistrain Outbreak of Chancroid in San Francisco, 1989-1991

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

The lbgAB Gene Cluster of Haemophilus ducreyi Encodes a β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase and an α-1,6- dd -Heptosyltransferase Involved in Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis

The lbgAB Gene Cluster of Haemophilus ducreyi Encodes a β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase and an α-1,6- dd -Heptosyltransferase Involved in Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis

The use of molecular techniques for the diagnosis and epidemiologic study of sexually transmitted infections

Molecular Characterization ofHaemophilus ducreyiStrains from Jackson, Mississippi, and New Orleans, Louisiana

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