In this work we are concerned with the problem of achieving max-min fairness in Gaussian parallel channels with respect to a general performance function, including channel capacity or decoding reliability as special cases. As our central results, we characterize the laws which determine the value of the achievable max-min fair performance as a function of channel sharing policy and power allocation (to channels and users). In particular, we show that the max-min fair performance behaves as a specialized version of the Lovasz function, or Delsarte bound, of a certain graph induced by channel sharing combinatorics. We also prove that, in addition to such graph, merely a certain 2-norm distance dependent on the allowable power allocations and used performance functions, is sufficient for the characterization of max-min fair performance up to some candidate interval. Our results show also a specific role played by odd cycles in the graph induced by the channel sharing policy and we present an interesting relation between max-min fairness in parallel channels and optimal throughput in an associated interference channel.
Index TermsLovasz function, Delsarte bound, parallel channels, max-min fairness, graphs 1 2 is defined as (x 1 2 ) k = √ x k . The identity matrix is denoted by I, e k is the unit vector such that (e k ) k = 1 and (e k ) l = 0, k = l, and we also define vector 1 as (1) k = 1, where in all three cases the matrix/vector dimension follows from the context. By x, y we denote the inner product of x, y ∈ C K . Without introducing ambiguity, we do not differ in the notation between random values and deterministic values. The mean of a random matrix (variable) X ∈ C K×N is denoted as E(X).