Multivariate Analysis for Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra of Complex Biological Systems and Processes

Ami, Diletta; Mereghetti, Paolo; Doglia, Silvia Maria

doi:10.5772/53850

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the bands at 890 and 926 cm −1 indicated that AICAR immobilization with covalent bonding on the surface of the nanoparticles was successfully achieved. 34 The grafting density of FA, AICAR, and DOX on nanoparticles was analyzed by measuring the differences of weight loss due to organics decomposition in both The exterior morphologies and interior structures of the nanoparticles at different fabrication stage were investigated by SEM and STEM, respectively; and the related chemical compositions were determined by EDX.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of AICAR and DOX Conjugated Multifunctional Nanoparticles as a Platform for Synergistic Inhibition of Cancer Cell Growth

Daglioglu

Okutucu

2016

Bioconjugate Chem.

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The success of cancer treatment depends on the response to chemotherapeutic agents. However, malignancies often acquire resistance to drugs if they are used frequently. Combination therapy involving both a chemotherapeutic agent and molecularly targeted therapy may have the ability to retain and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Here, we addressed this issue by examining the efficacy of a novel therapeutic strategy that combines AICAR and DOX within a multifunctional platform. In this context, we reported the bottom-up synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 (FITC)-FA/AICAR/ DOX multifunctional nanoparticles aiming to neutralize survivin (BIRC5) to potentiate the efficacy of DOX against chemoresistance. The structure of nanoparticles was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta-potential measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and electron microscopy (SEM and STEM with EDX) techniques. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity experiments demonstrated preferentially targeted delivery of nanoparticles and an efficient reduction of cancer cell viability in five different tumor-derived cell lines (A549, HCT-116, HeLa, Jurkat, and MIA PaCa-2). These results indicate that the multifunctional nanoparticle system possesses high inhibitory drug association and sustained cytotoxic effect with good biocompatibility. This novel approach which combines AICAR and DOX within a single platform might be promising as an antitumor treatment for cancer.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of AICAR and DOX Conjugated Multifunctional Nanoparticles as a Platform for Synergistic Inhibition of Cancer Cell Growth

Daglioglu

Okutucu

2016

Bioconjugate Chem.

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“…For this reason, it is necessary to apply an appropriate multivariate analysis, able to process very high-dimensional data, to pull out the significant and non-redundant information contained in the spectra [28-30]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a method to study lipid accumulation in oleaginous yeasts

Ami

Posteri

Mereghetti

et al. 2014

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundOleaginous microorganisms, such as different yeast and algal species, can represent a sustainable alternative to plant oil for the production of biodiesel. They can accumulate fatty acids (FA) up to 70% of their dry weight with a predominance of (mono)unsaturated species, similarly to what plants do, but differently from animals. In addition, their growth is not in competition either with food, feed crops, or with agricultural land.Despite these advantages, the exploitation of the single cell oil system is still at an early developmental stage. Cultivation mode and conditions, as well as lipid extraction technologies, represent the main limitations. The monitoring of lipid accumulation in oleaginous microorganisms is consequently crucial to develop and validate new approaches, but at present the majority of the available techniques is time consuming, invasive and, when relying on lipid extraction, can be affected by FA degradation.ResultsIn this work the fatty acid accumulation of the oleaginous yeasts Cryptococcus curvatus and Rhodosporidium toruloides and of the non-oleaginous yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (as a negative control) was monitored in situ by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Indeed, this spectroscopic tool can provide complementary information to those obtained by classical techniques, such as microscopy, flow cytometry and gas chromatography. As shown in this work, through the analysis of the absorption spectra of intact oleaginous microorganisms it is possible not only to monitor the progression of FA accumulation but also to identify the most represented classes of the produced lipids.ConclusionsHere we propose FTIR microspectroscopy - supported by multivariate analysis - as a fast, reliable and non invasive method to monitor and analyze FA accumulation in intact oleaginous yeasts. The results obtained by the FTIR approach were in agreement with those obtained by the other classical methods like flow cytometry and gas chromatography. Moreover, the possibility to track lipid production in real time is highly desirable to support the initial screening of strains and media as well as to optimize the scaling up experiments, which are essential for a viable and successful development of an industrial production process.

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“…, PCs). Thus, information in an entire IR spectrum is reduced to a single point, with coordinates on one, two, or more PCs chosen as axes for plots ( 2 ). The shifting of biochemical molecules was clearly demonstrated by PCA, which revealed that most nodule ages influenced changes in biochemical molecules in nodules, whereas rhizobial strains with different ACC deaminase activities also directed the changing of biochemical molecules ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least 120 spectra were obtained from each treatment. Spectra from each treatment were analyzed using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ( 2 ). Spectra were preprocessed by taking the second derivative using the Savitzky-Golay algorithm with nine points of smoothing and normalized with Extended Multiplicative Signal Correction (EMSC) using Unscrambler software (version 9.7, CAMO Software AS, Oslo, Norway), employing the combined spectral ranges of 3,000–2,800 cm −1 and 1,800–700 cm −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Role of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) Deaminase Activity of <i>Sinorhizobium</i> sp. BL3 on Symbiosis with Mung Bean and Determinate Nodule Senescence

Tittabutr

Sripakdi

Boonkerd

et al. 2015

Microbes and environments

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Sinorhizobium sp. BL3 forms symbiotic interactions with mung bean (Vigna radiata) and contains lrpL-acdS genes, which encode the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase enzyme that cleaves ACC, a precursor of plant ethylene synthesis. Since ethylene interferes with nodule formation in some legumes and plays a role in senescence in plant cells, BL3-enhancing ACC deaminase activity (BL3+) and defective mutant (BL3−) strains were constructed in order to investigate the effects of this enzyme on symbiosis and nodule senescence. Nodulation competitiveness was weaker in BL3− than in the wild-type, but was stronger in BL3+. The inoculation of BL3− into mung bean resulted in less plant growth, a lower nodule dry weight, and smaller nodule number than those in the wild-type, whereas the inoculation of BL3+ had no marked effects. However, similar nitrogenase activity was observed with all treatments; it was strongly detected 3 weeks after the inoculation and gradually declined with time, indicating senescence. The rate of plant nodulation by BL3+ increased in a time-dependent manner. Nodules occupied by BL3− formed smaller symbiosomes, and bacteroid degradation was more prominent than that in the wild-type 7 weeks after the inoculation. Changes in biochemical molecules during nodulation were tracked by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy, and the results obtained confirmed that aging processes differed in nodules occupied by BL3 and BL3−. This is the first study to show the possible role of ACC deaminase activity in senescence in determinate nodules. Our results suggest that an increase in ACC deaminase activity in this strain does not extend the lifespan of nodules, whereas the lack of this activity may accelerate nodule senescence.

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Multivariate Analysis for Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra of Complex Biological Systems and Processes

Cited by 50 publications

References 76 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of AICAR and DOX Conjugated Multifunctional Nanoparticles as a Platform for Synergistic Inhibition of Cancer Cell Growth

Synthesis and Characterization of AICAR and DOX Conjugated Multifunctional Nanoparticles as a Platform for Synergistic Inhibition of Cancer Cell Growth

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a method to study lipid accumulation in oleaginous yeasts

Possible Role of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) Deaminase Activity of <i>Sinorhizobium</i> sp. BL3 on Symbiosis with Mung Bean and Determinate Nodule Senescence

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