Multivariate analysis for FTIR in understanding treatment of used cooking oil using activated carbon prepared from olive stone

Alshuiael, Sara M.; Al-Ghouti, Mohammad A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0232997

Cited by 47 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…When comparing these data with previous work carried out with OS [ 25 ], it could be seen that the product yield was very similar. Cellulose and lignin yields were lower (24.0 vs. 26.8 wt%.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Production of Bio-Oils and Biochars from Olive Stones: Application of Biochars to the Esterification of Oleic Acid

Sánchez-Borrego

Hoyos-Limón

García‐Martín

et al. 2021

Plants

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Olive stones are a by-product of the olive oil industry. In this work, the valorisation of olive stones through pyrolysis was attempted. Before pyrolysis, half of the samples were impregnated with sulphuric acid. Pyrolysis was carried out in a vertical tubular furnace with a ceramic support. The pyrolysis conditions assayed were: temperature between 400 and 600 °C, heating ramp between 5 and 20 °C∙min−1, and inert gas flow rate between 50 and 300 mL Ar∙min−1. Among them, temperature was the only parameter that influenced the pyrolysis product distribution. The most suitable temperature for obtaining biochar was 400 °C for both non-treated and pre-treated raw material, while for obtaining bio-oil, it was 600 °C for impregnated olive stones and 400 °C for the raw material. The impregnated olives stones led to bio-oils with much higher amounts of high-added-value products such as levoglucosenone and catechol. Finally, the biochars were impregnated with sulphuric acid and assayed as biocatalysts for the esterification of oleic acid with methanol in a stirred tank batch reactor at 60 °C for 30 min. Biochars from non-treated olive stones, which had lower specific surfaces, led to higher esterification yields (up to 96.2%).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Production of Bio-Oils and Biochars from Olive Stones: Application of Biochars to the Esterification of Oleic Acid

Sánchez-Borrego

Hoyos-Limón

García‐Martín

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The conversion of volatile matter into gaseous products increased with pyrolysis at 500 • C and activation above 800 • C. Increasing devolatilization steadily increased the char's fixed carbon and ash contents [42]. Ultimate analysis reported values similar to other biomass and commercial activated carbons [43,44]. An important content of C was registered in raw materials, making them a good precursor for activated carbon.…”

Section: Physicochemical Characterization Of Adsorbentsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Comparative Study of Three Dyes’ Adsorption onto Activated Carbon from Chenopodium quinoa Willd and Quillaja saponaria

et al. 2022

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The present study shows porous activated carbon obtained from Chenopodium quinoa Willd and Quillaja saponaria and their use as potential adsorbents to remove three types of dyes from aqueous solutions. The adsorption results were compared with commercial charcoal to check their efficiency. All porous carbon materials were activated using carbon dioxide and steam and fully characterized. Moreover, the steam-activated samples exhibited a high total pore volume with a BET surface area of around 800 m2 g−1. Batch adsorption experiments showed that commercial charcoal is the charcoal that offered the best adsorption efficiency for tartrazine and sunset yellow FCF. However, in the case of crystal violet, all activated carbons obtained from Chenopodium quinoa Willd and Quillaja saponaria showed the best captures, outperforming commercial charcoal. Molecular dockings of the dyes on the commercial charcoal surface were performed using AutoDock Vina. The kinetic results of the three isotherm’s models for the present data follow the order: Langmuir~Freundlich > Temkin.

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“…Four samples of recycled cooking oil were prepared as listed in Table 1. According to the FTIR analysis, the cooking oil samples displayed indistinguishable patterns without distinct differences, except for intensities or peak areas as shown in resulted from the hydroxyl, ester, and ether functional groups (Alshuiael & Al-Ghouti, 2020). AuNPs demonstrate a discrete optical characteristic usually known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), that is, the cumulative oscillation of electrons in the conduction band of AuNPs in resonance with a particular wavelength of incident light.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Recycled Cooking Oil by Varying Number of Au/GO Coated Fiber Optic’s Loop Ring

Mukhtar¹,

Manaf²,

Halim³

2021

ASMScJ

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This study investigates the effect gold nanoparticles (Au)/graphene oxide (GO) coated fibre optics with various number of loop ring in identifying recycled cooking oil based on their frying time. Various layers of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) suspension were deposited onto the substrate via drop casting technique. Few material characterizations were performed such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and refractometer analysis. Three macrobending structures of Au/GO coated fiber optic’s loop ring such as single, double and triple loops with diameter of 1.5cm were formed to generate large area of evanescent field around the fibre and to excite surface plasmon polaritons due to the interaction between AuNPs and analytes. Cooking oil samples with different frying time such as 14 minutes, 28 minutes and 42 minutes were prepared as analytes. The FTIR analysis revealed some changes in the transmittance percent of some bands as well as some slight shifts in the exact position of the bands due to the different of fatty acid composition. As the Au/GO coated fibre optics were immersed into the samples, the penetration depths were obtained as 142.75nm and 168.91nm at operating wavelengths of λ=1310nm and λ=1550nm, respectively. By using 1550nm operating wavelength due to its greater penetration depth than 1310nm, triple loop rings fibre optics coated with two layers of AuNP and one layer of GO exhibits a linear consistency with maximum sensitivity up to 69.17% due to the formation of large evanescent field around the loop area and intense SPP excitation.

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Multivariate analysis for FTIR in understanding treatment of used cooking oil using activated carbon prepared from olive stone

Cited by 47 publications

References 58 publications

Production of Bio-Oils and Biochars from Olive Stones: Application of Biochars to the Esterification of Oleic Acid

Production of Bio-Oils and Biochars from Olive Stones: Application of Biochars to the Esterification of Oleic Acid

Comparative Study of Three Dyes’ Adsorption onto Activated Carbon from Chenopodium quinoa Willd and Quillaja saponaria

Identification of Recycled Cooking Oil by Varying Number of Au/GO Coated Fiber Optic’s Loop Ring

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