Multivariate Perspectives on Patch Use by Masked Bobwhites

Guthery, Fred S.; King, Nina M.; Nolte, Kenneth; Kuvlesky, William P.; DeStefano, Stephen; Gall, Sally A.; Silvy, Nova J.

doi:10.2307/3803283

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Several new methods to assess resource selection appeared in our review. Artificial neural networks, a method that requires equal numbers of used and available sample units, were used to discriminate between used and available sites (Guthery et al 2001b). Sergio and Bogliani (2000) used Fisher's exact tests to compare the proportion of ground vegetation types between nest locations and random sites.…”

Section: New Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study Designs and Tests for Comparing Resource Use and Availability II

Thomas

Taylor

2006

Journal of Wildlife Management

326

192

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We review 87 articles published in the Journal of Wildlife Management from 2000 to 2004 to assess the current state of practice in the design and analysis of resource selection studies. Articles were classified into 4 study designs. In design 1, data are collected at the population level because individual animals are not identified. Individual animal selection may be assessed in designs 2 and 3. In design 2, use by each animal is recorded, but availability (or nonuse) is measured only at the population level. Use and availability (or unused) are measured for each animal in design 3. In design 4, resource use is measured multiple times for each animal, and availability (or nonuse) is measured for each use location. Thus, use and availability measures are paired for each use in design 4. The 4 study designs were used about equally in the articles reviewed. The most commonly used statistical analyses were logistic regression (40%) and compositional analysis (25%). We illustrate 4 problem areas in resource selection analyses: pooling of relocation data across animals with differing numbers of relocations, analyzing paired data as though they were independent, tests that do not control experiment wise error rates, and modeling observations as if they were independent when temporal or spatial correlations occurs in the data. Statistical models that allow for variation in individual animal selection rather than pooling are recommended to improve error estimation in population‐level selection. Some researchers did not select appropriate statistical analyses for paired data, or their analyses were not well described. Researchers using one‐resource‐at‐a‐time procedures often did not control the experiment wise error rate, so simultaneous inference procedures and multivariate assessments of selection are suggested. The time interval between animal relocations was often relatively short, but existing analyses for temporally or spatially correlated data were not used. For studies that used logistic regression, we identified the data type employed: single sample, case control (used‐unused), use‐availability, or paired use‐availability. It was not always clear whether studies intended to compare use to nonuse or use to availability. Despite the popularity of compositional analysis, we do not recommend it for multiple relocation data when use of one or more resources is low. We illustrate that resource selection models are part of a broader collection of statistical models called weighted distributions and recommend some promising areas for future development.

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Section: New Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study Designs and Tests for Comparing Resource Use and Availability II

Thomas

Taylor

2006

Journal of Wildlife Management

326

192

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“…As a result, there is still a dearth of information regarding the specific habitat needs of masked bobwhites (e.g., important food plants, nesting and loafing substrates). However, as noted above in the Life History section, the available information suggests that the general habitat requirements of masked bobwhites are similar to that of the well-studied C. virginianus, a point noted by Brewster (1887) and Guthery et al (2001b).…”

Section: Habitat Ecologymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Their findings suggested that native masked bobwhites from Sonora were adapted to a broader range of conditions than reintroduced bobwhites in Arizona. Guthery et al (2001b) also documented that an acceptable range for a particular habitat feature was influenced by other habitat features (i.e., existence of a multidimensional habitat-space interaction). For example, in Sonora, the acceptable range for canopy coverage of woody vegetation was broad (0-60%) when all other habitat features were at acceptable values.…”

Section: Habitat Ecologymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The study of Guthery et al (2000) evaluated masked bobwhite from a univariate perspective that did not address how habitat features could interact to influence habitat-use decisions. In a follow-up study, Guthery et al (2001b) conducted a multivariate analysis using the previously collected data to understand the multidimensionality of habitat space. They used neural-network models with 5 input variables (percentage of woody cover, percentage of bare ground, exposure to ground predators, exposure to aerial predators, and operative temperature) to discriminate between used and random patches.…”

Section: Habitat Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of Rare Species: Case Study of the Masked Bobwhite

Hernández

Kuvlesky

DeYoung

et al. 2006

Journal of Wildlife Management

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Recovery of threatened and endangered species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) is accomplished via federally mandated recovery plans. Unfortunately, many recovery plans are limited in effectiveness because they suffer from various limitations; one of which is the lack of scientific data. Because recovery plans for endangered species are inherently plagued by lack of biological data of focal species, new approaches are warranted in recovery‐plan development to use what little data are available more effectively. The use of academic–agency partnerships has been suggested as a means to accomplish this objective; academics contribute scientific knowledge, and agency personnel contribute federal regulation expertise. We used the masked bobwhite (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi), the only endangered quail in North America, as a case study to illustrate how such partnerships can be employed to incorporate the latest scientific knowledge into recovery planning. Because the case study of the masked bobwhite embodies many of the difficulties associated with endangered species recovery (e.g., lack of biological data, limited personnel, limited resources), our approach to linking biology, ecology, and management can serve as a general model for recovery planning of other endangered species. We began with a comprehensive review and synthesis of masked bobwhite literature. Based on this information, we then interpreted existing masked bobwhite knowledge within the context of current ecological understanding of quail demography. This integrated knowledge provided the foundation to discuss demographic, habitat, and genetic challenges facing masked bobwhites from the perspective of general population phenomena. Our synthesis led to the conclusions that masked bobwhite populations probably 1) experience chronic low reproduction resulting from living in a desert environment, 2) have not been negatively impacted by the historic conversion of grasslands to brushlands, and 3) have not been as detrimentally impacted as other avian species by the establishment of nonnative grasses within their range because these plants possess functional value for masked bobwhites. We also identified 4 immediate conservation needs: recognition of the significant role Mexico possesses in masked bobwhite conservation and proactive involvement in international collaboration, the need for a reconnaissance of masked bobwhite habitat and populations in Mexico, and the implementation and recognition of the critical role habitat management plays in masked bobwhite recovery efforts. These objectives must be accomplished if recovery is to succeed. Currently, the future of masked bobwhite is precarious. Masked bobwhite recovery inevitably will involve international collaboration as well as partnerships between agency biologists, private landowners, and research scientists.

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“…The results of Guthery et al (2001b) provide an example of how relativity might lead to contradictory facts that are true relative to the state of a system. Their goal was to develop a model that discriminated between habitat patches used by masked bobwhites (C. v. ridgwayi; an endangered race of the northern bobwhite) and randomly available patches.…”

Section: Relativitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The flavors and colors of facts in wildlife science

Guthery¹

2004

Wildlife Society Bulletin

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Because facts are the basis of knowledge in wildlife science, wildlife scientists should appreciate the nature and properties of facts. Facts and beliefs are phenomena of consensus best regarded as fuzzy sets in the universe of truth (i.e., in wildlife science, fact may be to some degree belief, and belief may be to some degree fact). Beliefs are culturally endemic, whereas facts are culturally pandemic. The wildlife scientist deals with facts of history, measurement, pattern, and conjecture. One or more of the following properties cheapen all such facts: contingency, relativity, ambiguity, speciousness, ambivalence, and evanescence. Specious facts (false “facts” that predict) arise when a passive variable is correlated with a driving variable or when ≥2 processes lead to identical outcomes (deductions). Specious facts probably are not uncommon in wildlife science. There is no fool‐proof method, such as Ockham's Razor or hypothetico‐deductive experimentation, of winnowing the more reliable facts from the set of all facts in wildlife science. Wildlife scientists should regard facts as “the state of things as they are to some degree,” and should, accordingly, respond with skepticism to that which passes for knowledge.

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Multivariate Perspectives on Patch Use by Masked Bobwhites

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Study Designs and Tests for Comparing Resource Use and Availability II

Study Designs and Tests for Comparing Resource Use and Availability II

Recovery of Rare Species: Case Study of the Masked Bobwhite

The flavors and colors of facts in wildlife science

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