Multiwire-Proportional-Counter Measurement of theMLOrbital-Electron-Capture Ratio inGe71

Orbital electron capture by the nucleus

“…Most recent advances in low-energy proportional counter technique are related to the electronic system (Dougan et al, 1962a;Renier et al, 1968;Genz et al, 1971a). Proportional-counter spectrometry of radiation below %500 eV is affected by certain problems that are less important or negligible at higher energies: (1)After pulses from primary ionizing events can occur (Dougan et al, 1962a;Renier et al°, 1968;Genz et al, 1971a;Campion, 1968Campion, , 1973; (2) degradation tails from peaks of higher energy can appear (Renier et al, 1968;Genz et al, 1971a;Heuer, 1966;Vaninbroukx and Spernol, 1965;Spernol, 1967); (3) small pulses can be mutually induced between ring and center counters in multiwire detectors (Genz et al, 1971a;Drever et a., 1957); (4) the anticoincidence gate may cause front-and back edge clipping of large pulses, producing smaller pulses (Dougan et al, 1962a;Renier et al, 1968;Genz et al, 1971a); (5) large deadtime may arise when radiation of higher energy is present in high intensity (Dougan et al, 1962a;Renier et al, 1968;Genz et al, 1971a). The electronic system shown in Fig.…”

“…The total contribution from such events can be determined by extrapolation parallel to the energy axis to low energy, as has been demonstrated down to 80 eV (Genz et al, 1971a). The degradation correction can amount to several percent but has not been taken into account in many investigations.…”

“…The degradation correction can amount to several percent but has not been taken into account in many investigations. This leads to appreciable differences in results (Heuer, 1966;Totzek and Hoffmann, 1967;Genz et al, 1971a;Pengra et al, 1972). Uncertainties in k and k have been greatly reduced since the new calculations of Scofield (1974) became available, which agree very well with experiment (Scofield, 1975).…”

“…3 in Table 3.1) _'have extended the sensitivity of precision measurements to make possible the detection of single-and few-electron events down to essentially zero -energy, even in the presence of intense more energetic radiation Genz, 1968Genz, , 1973a. These improvements were attained with more sophisticated low-noise electronics and through an understanding of the degradation spectrum (Genz et al, 1971a) and of after-pulses . Single-and few-electron peaks have been resolved on the basis of their spectral shape (Renier et al, 1968) or by fitting a Poisson distribution (Genz et al, 1971aPengra et al, 1972).…”

“…These improvements were attained with more sophisticated low-noise electronics and through an understanding of the degradation spectrum (Genz et al, 1971a) and of after-pulses . Single-and few-electron peaks have been resolved on the basis of their spectral shape (Renier et al, 1968) or by fitting a Poisson distribution (Genz et al, 1971aPengra et al, 1972).…”