Municipal and Industrial Hazardous Waste Management: an Overview

Fishbein, Lawrence

doi:10.1177/074823379100700524

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles occur widely in the environment, and have been found in humans and aquatic organisms, the toxicological and eco-toxicological information is scarce. It has however been shown that several benzothiazoles are acute toxic in various test systems (Reemtsma et al 1995) and have allergenic and irritating properties (Fishbein 1991;Jung et al 1988). Benzotriazole has shown both mutagenic and estrogenic properties in aquatic organisms (Tangtian et al 2012) and BUVs have been found to bioaccumulate in birds, fishes, and invertebrates (Nakata et al 2009) and in a recent study BUVs showed significant human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand activity, potentially affecting the immune response similar to dioxins (Nagayoshi et al 2014).…”

Section: Responsible Editor: Ester Heathmentioning

confidence: 98%

The washout effect during laundry on benzothiazole, benzotriazole, quinoline, and their derivatives in clothing textiles

Luongo

Avagyan

Hongyu

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In two previous papers, the authors have shown that benzothiazole, benzotriazole, quinoline, and several of their derivatives are widespread in clothing textile articles. A number of these compounds exhibit allergenic and irritating properties and, due to their octanol-water partition coefficient, are prone to be absorbed by the skin. Moreover, they are slightly soluble in water, which could make washing of clothes a route of emission into the environment. In the present study, the washout effect of benzothiazole, benzotriazole, quinoline, and some of their derivatives has been investigated. Twenty-seven textile samples were analyzed before, as well as after five and ten times of washing. The most abundant analyte was found to be benzothiazole, which was detected in 85 % of the samples with an average concentration of 0.53 μg/g (median 0.44 μg/g), followed by quinoline, detected in 81 % of the samples with an average concentration of 2.42 μg/g (median 0.21 μg/g). The average decrease in concentration for benzothiazoles was 50 % after ten times washing, while it was around 20 % for quinolines. The average emission to household wastewater of benzothiazoles and quinolines during one washing (5 kg of clothes made from polyester materials) was calculated to 0.5 and 0.24 g, respectively. These results strongly indicate that laundering of clothing textiles can be an important source of release of these compounds to household wastewater and in the end to aquatic environments. It also demonstrates a potential source of human exposure to these chemicals since considerable amounts of the compounds remain in the clothes even after ten times of washing.

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Section: Responsible Editor: Ester Heathmentioning

confidence: 98%

The washout effect during laundry on benzothiazole, benzotriazole, quinoline, and their derivatives in clothing textiles

Luongo

Avagyan

Hongyu

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…BT, 2-mercapto benzothiazole (MBT), and 2-methylthio benzothiazole (MTBT) have shown acute aquatic toxicity in various test systems (Reemtsma et al 1995). BT has been found to cause eye, skin, and respiratory irritation and skin sensitization (Fishbein 1991), and it has also shown to be a gill toxicant in sheepshead minnow (Evans et al 2000). 2,2′-Dithiobisbenzothiazole (MBTS) has been identified as an allergen (Jung et al 1988), and BTri has demonstrated both mutagenicity and estrogenic potential in aquatic organisms (Tangtian et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzothiazole, benzotriazole, and their derivates in clothing textiles—a potential source of environmental pollutants and human exposure

Avagyan

Luongo

Thorsén

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

108

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Textiles play an important role in our daily life, and textile production is one of the oldest industries. In the manufacturing chain from natural and/or synthetic fibers to the final clothing products, the use of many different chemicals is ubiquitous. A lot of research has focused on chemicals in textile wastewater, but the knowledge of the actual content of harmful chemicals in clothes sold on the retail market is limited. In this paper, we have focused on eight benzothiazole and benzotriazole derivatives, compounds rated as high production volume chemicals. Twenty-six clothing samples of various textile materials and colors manufactured in 14 different countries were analyzed in textile clothing using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Among the investigated textile products, 11 clothes were for babies, toddlers, and children. Eight of the 11 compounds included in the investigation were detected in the textiles. Benzothiazole was present in 23 of 26 investigated garments in concentrations ranging from 0.45 to 51 μg/g textile. The garment with the highest concentration of benzothiazole contained a total amount of 8.3 mg of the chemical. The third highest concentration of benzothiazole (22 μg/g) was detected in a baby body made from "organic cotton" equipped with the "Nordic Ecolabel" ("Svanenmärkt"). It was also found that concentrations of benzothiazoles in general were much higher than those for benzotriazoles. This study implicates that clothing textiles can be a possible route for human exposure to harmful chemicals by skin contact, as well as being a potential source of environmental pollutants via laundering and release to household wastewater.

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“…The effects of heavy metals on municipal waste systems are a major concern (Fishbein 1991). Activated sludge is a mixed culture of many organisms.…”

Section: Waste Products and Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium

Stoecker¹

2004

Elements and Their Compounds in the Environment

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Municipal and Industrial Hazardous Waste Management: an Overview

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

The washout effect during laundry on benzothiazole, benzotriazole, quinoline, and their derivatives in clothing textiles

The washout effect during laundry on benzothiazole, benzotriazole, quinoline, and their derivatives in clothing textiles

Benzothiazole, benzotriazole, and their derivates in clothing textiles—a potential source of environmental pollutants and human exposure

Chromium

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