Municipal Solid Waste Characterization According to Different Income Levels: A Case Study

Özcan, Hüseyin; Güvenç, Senem Yazıcı; Guvenc, Lokman; Demir, Göksel

doi:10.3390/su8101044

Cited by 113 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The daily waste collection was 621 kg/day, which indicates an average generation of 0.50 kg/capita/day. PCG in Morelia is below the values reported in other studies for cities in countries such as Cyprus [7], Turkey [6] or Oman [30] whose MSW generation rates range from 0.97 to 1.29 kg. However, it is bigger than Ghana [31] or China [32].…”

Section: Domestic Solid Waste Characterisationcontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…The percentages do not follow a particular pattern according to GDP. Food scrap in this study was comparable to the rates of countries with a lower GDP [37], and was smaller than countries with a higher GDP [6]. Authors [30,38] have found that waste composition varies according to the season of the year, the lifestyles of the generators, demography, and geographic zones, among others.…”

Section: Domestic Solid Waste Characterisationsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Waste characterisation studies need to be carried out by municipalities or academics periodically, and cannot be generalised to other localities or seasons, because there are variations in eating habits, consumption patterns, population composition, the season of the year, and economic income, among others, that can generate differences in the composition and generation of waste [6,7]. For example, a study in Mexico [8] reported significant differences in the amount and type of waste generated by two rural communities in the same municipality, separated by a distance of 21 km.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Recyclables Valorisation as the Best Strategy for Achieving Landfill CO2e Emissions Abatement from Domestic Waste: Game Theory

2017

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Various nations in the world have developed technologies and strategies for appropriate waste disposal, and to abate waste generation and greenhouse gasses. Alternatives like recovering materials can help, but they require reliable information to improve planning and management. This study quantifies the Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions produced by the lack of valorisation of materials in a Mexican city. Two waste characterisations in a lower-class neighbourhood were carried out. For the CO 2 emission estimation, two scenarios were considered. DEFRA emission factors for waste treatment processes were used. Waste generation was 0.64 kg/capita/day in the first study, and 0.50 kg/capita/day in the second. The CO 2 eq emissions of collected waste in the neighbourhood were estimated at 1824 kg for 2013 (0.20 kg/capita/day) and 1636 kg for 2015 (0.19 kg/capita/day). The behaviour of solid waste management in the city can be explained by the "prisoner's dilemma" model, studied in game theory, which is ideally suited to analysing situations affected by multiple agents, but requires an accurate understanding of solid waste actors and social implications.

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Section: Domestic Solid Waste Characterisationcontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Domestic Solid Waste Characterisationsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recyclables Valorisation as the Best Strategy for Achieving Landfill CO2e Emissions Abatement from Domestic Waste: Game Theory

2017

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“…Awareness and information of the wider public on the subject is crucial for the waste management field, as about 57% of total waste production is organic, with their highest percentages found amongst low income regions [25]. This kind of organic household management would be very suitable and valuable in farms, especially if initiative was taken to implement this case study on a larger scale.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Onsite Organic Household Left-Over Waste: The Emission Benefits of Keeping Pet Rabbits.

Tsagarakis

2017

Recycling

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Abstract:As waste management is becoming all the more crucial, this study investigates the way in which house left-over organic waste can be better managed on site, in order to minimize the off-site treatment cost and maximize environmental performance. For the implementation of this research, a full year measurement was recorded, showing the organic leftover waste food intake of two rabbits in a household of four. The organic food, collected in two separate baskets suitable for composting-though one for rabbit intake-was 168.5 kg in total, plus 68.8 kg, which was delivered directly to the composting bin, along with food remains and rabbit feces. The results show that, over the examined year, a total of up to 0.417 metric tons of CO 2 equivalent per year emissions was avoided, suggesting that if 30 houses were to apply this methodology, one garbage truck journey per year would be saved. Overall, this study suggests that better information and environmental awareness can result in on-site, low cost, individual management of recyclable organic material, which would assist with the decrease in the cost of management, along with increased environmental performance.

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“…Increased solid waste amount pose difficulty in efficient waste management process (transportation, storage and disposal) [10]. Worldwide quantity and composition of solid waste varies with region/state, climate and socio-economic conditions [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Generation Rate and Composition Analysis of Solid Waste in Gujranwala City Pakistan

Ilyas¹,

Ilyas²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2017

Int J Waste Resour

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IntroductionOne of the key practices for resource conservation and environmental protection is the proper waste management [1]. In waste management, municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is one of the important element of environment which is highly neglected in most of the under developed and developing countries [2]. In developed countries collection of MSW is equal to generation amount, however in developing countries like Pakistan, India, Bangladesh etc., the scenario is very different and management of MSW consists of primary and secondary collection and open dumping [3][4][5][6]. In 1996, population of Pakistan was 160 million with 35% population living in urban areas and the total waste generation rate in urban areas of Pakistan was 55,000 tons per day [7]. By the end of 2014, waste generation in Pakistan was as high as 71,000 tons/day [8]. However, the current population has increased to 196 million people, which is pushing the boundaries of cities and indicates higher waste generation amount. This increasing amount of solid waste is one of the most daunting challenges to regulatory authorities to maintain clean cities.Economic growth, urbanization, demographic growth and changing life styles are the key reasons behind increase in MSW generation in Pakistan [9]. Increased solid waste amount pose difficulty in efficient waste management process (transportation, storage and disposal) [10]. Worldwide quantity and composition of solid waste varies with region/state, climate and socio-economic conditions [11][12][13][14]. In most of the Pakistani cities only 60% of the waste is collected and 90% of the collected waste ends up in open dumping [5]. However, for cities to be relatively clean more than 75% of the waste must be collected. The MSW generation rate in Data Ganj Bakhash Town of Lahore City of Pakistan was estimated at 0.84 kg/capita/day with total 1369.8 tons per day of waste with 67.02% organic waste [5]. Lack of reliable data, poor institutional arrangements, non-compliance of laws, limited resources (finance and equipment), lack of trained manpower are the major constrains for proper management of MSW. In Pakistan during the last decade due to migration of people from rural to urban areas the population rate in cities has increased from 3.7-7.4%. AbstractIn developing countries like Pakistan, the amount of solid waste is increasing due to rapid urbanization and economic growth. Limited financial resources and lack of data availability about the amount and composition of the solid waste are posing difficulties to regulatory bodies towards proper planning of solid waste management systems in big cities. Also, solid waste generation and characterization are the essential parameters that affect the environmental sustainability. The aim of this study is to document the information on waste quantity being produced and its composition in Gujranwala city of the Pakistan. Results of this study can help the government to develop a sound waste management system for such expanding cities in the country. Ave...

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Municipal Solid Waste Characterization According to Different Income Levels: A Case Study

Cited by 113 publications

References 22 publications

Recyclables Valorisation as the Best Strategy for Achieving Landfill CO2e Emissions Abatement from Domestic Waste: Game Theory

Recyclables Valorisation as the Best Strategy for Achieving Landfill CO2e Emissions Abatement from Domestic Waste: Game Theory

Minimizing Onsite Organic Household Left-Over Waste: The Emission Benefits of Keeping Pet Rabbits.

Waste Generation Rate and Composition Analysis of Solid Waste in Gujranwala City Pakistan

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