Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Leachate Treatment by <i>Phragmites australis</i>, <i>Typha latifolia</i> and <i>Scirpus validus</i> through Constructed Wetlands

Abstract

The CWs were planted with Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia and Scirpus validus with sand and gravel. The leachate had been treated with two different cycles, first cycle was performed in the winter season whereas second cycle in summer, to differentiate the performance with seasonal variation. Chemical parameters of leachate pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids TSS, Ammonia-nitrogen (NH 3 -N), Nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3 -N), Total Phosphate PO 4 3-(TP) and heavy metals, Lead (Pb) and Copper (Cu) were tested with intervals of certain weeks. The tests result showed that all parameters experienced a considerable reduction in their concentrations. Significant reduction efficiencies were recorded for parameters, BOD with 53-82%, COD with 32-46%, TSS with 59-75%, NH 3 -N with 90-92%, NO 3 -N with 85-87%, and TP with 48-64%, and heavy metals Pb and Cu with 28-48% respectively in four weeks of the first cycle by all three plants. Whereas, in the second cycle, the removal efficiencies of BOD 78-93%, COD 63-76%, TSS 52-83%, NH 3 -N 90-91% and NO 3 -N 91-92% and heavy metals Pb and Cu with 21-58% respectively in five weeks were observed by all three plants. Along with the experimentation, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals UN SDGs are also highlighted. This study helps achieving tremendous SDGs accompanying treatment of leachate.