Municipal solid waste management systems in Poland and the Czech Republic. A comparative study

Jakubus, Monika; Stejskal, Bohdan

doi:10.37190/epe200304

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The basic assumption of biowaste composting is the possibility of reusing organic matter and nutrients contained in it. This approach to the production of biomass is consistent with the concept of circular economy and it is the most rational method of biowaste management [8,18,28]. Considering the final use of compost or vermicompost for agricultural or horticultural purposes, their quality is of greater importance, including the abundance of organic matter and the essential nutrients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Valorization of Quality of Vermicomposts and Composts Using Various Parameters

Jakubus

Michalak-Oparowska

2022

Agriculture

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Due to the increasing biomass of biowaste it is necessary to manage it rationally. This work presents comparisons and valorization of vermicomposts (VCs) and composts (Cs) prepared from various biowastes generated in households and private gardens, in terms of their practical use. The tested VCs and Cs were subjected to chemical analyses to assess the amounts of macro- (N, P, K, S, Mg, Ca, Na) and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni), as well as contents of organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), humic compounds (HS) and labile and water extractable organic carbon (LC, WEOC). Moreover, humification indexes (HR, HI, DP) were determined. The amounts of macro- and micronutrients, OM, TOC, LC, WEOC were greater for vermicomposts. Regardless of these differences, both vermicomposts and composts were characterized by considerable amounts of organic matter ranging from 325 to 631 g·kg−1 and TOC amounting from 82 to 270 g·kg−1. Moreover, the tested organic fertilizers were characterized by high contents of N (7–21.5 g·kg−1), K (3.7–24.4 g·kg−1), Ca (12.2–44.0 g·kg−1), Fe (133.1–333.8 mg·kg−1) and Mn (71.5–113.8 mg·kg−1). The analyzed VCs and Cs did not exceed the permissible amounts of heavy metals (Cr, Pb) and contained a comparable amount and quality of humus compounds. The level of CHS ranged from 29.6 to 41 g·kg−1 for vermicomposts, and from 19.8 to 51.8 g·kg−1 for composts. The humification indexes indicate that VCs and Cs were well–matured despite different composting conditions. The HI values for VCs ranged from 8.3% to 10% and for Cs amounted from 12.2% to 16.8%. Similarly, the HR values were higher for composts (24.3–33%) in comparison to VCs (15.2–20.1%). Vermicomposting and composting of biowaste is economically and environmentally justified. Fertilizers obtained in the composting process are a valuable source of organic material and nutrients essential for plants and can be safely used in private gardens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…According to various sources [5][6][7], biowaste accounts for 30-50% of the total mass of generated municipal wastes. In most countries biowaste is collected selectively, although it is not a rule [8]. Nevertheless, these wastes need to be properly managed in order to reduce their possible negative impact on the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Quality of Vermicomposts and Composts Using Various Parameters

Jakubus

Michalak-Oparowska

2022

Agriculture

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“…In 2018, 49% of municipal solid waste was landfilled and only 27% was recycled [5]. In order to adapt to EU regulations, the Czech Republic needs to increase the level of recycling, which is one of the biggest problems and challenges, due to the lack of facilities for material recovery of sorted municipal solid waste components [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of landfill gas management. The Czech Republic case study

Nová,

Král,

_Kolář

2023

Environ. Protect. Eng.

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METHODS OF LANDFILL GAS MANAGEMENT. THE CZECH REPUBLIC CASE STUDYThe European legislation sets targets for ending municipal waste to landfill. Despite this Europewide trend, almost half of the municipal waste generated in the Czech Republic has been landfilled in recent years. The composition of municipal waste, in particular the high content of biodegradable material, is the reason for landfill gas production. The management of landfill gas is one of the crucial elements of environmental protection in the landfilling process. The article focuses on the comparison of possible ways of landfill gas management at selected landfills in the Czech Republic.

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“…Generally, the latter, municipal mixed waste, is treated in a mechanical-biological treatment plant where the recycling of metal from waste is processed and then the remaining residue is aerobically stabilized and landfilled. However, according to European legislation, the quantity of waste that is landfilled must decrease to a limit of 10% by 2035, hence, other solutions are being sought [10]. Accordingly, hydrothermal carbonization is suggested as a suitable method to improve dewatering, grinding, handling, transportation, and storage of the wet feedstock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Carbonization of the Wet Fraction from Mixed Municipal Solid Waste: A Fuel and Structural Analysis of Hydrochars

et al. 2022

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One of the by-products of a mechanical-biological waste treatment plant is the under-sieve fraction, which requires separation prior to further processing of municipal mixed waste. This stream usually follows the fate of landfilling. Instead, it could be introduced to the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process to improve its fuel properties and become solid recovered fuel. The organic fraction and high moisture content (approximately 26%) of under-sieve fraction are favorable properties for the HTC process. In this study, hydrochars, the solid product of HTC, were produced at 200 and 220 °C with residence times of 1, 4, and 8 h. The main aim of this investigation was to establish the influence of different process parameters on hydrochars’ fuel properties. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed in the analyses. The results confirmed the positive effects of hydrothermal carbonization on the under-sieve fraction of municipal mixed waste properties. The ignition temperature increased from 247 °C to 288 °C and burnout temperature decreased to 443 °C from 489 °C after hydrothermal carbonization, causing a shorter combustion process. The determined key combustion parameters were: S = 12.4 × 10−8%·min−2·°C−3, Hf = 1174.9 °C and Di = 0.0075%·min−3, which in comparison to USF decreased by 44%, increased by 33%, and decreased by 29%, respectively, and became closer to those of coal. Furthermore, the identified structural changes indicate that hydrochars could be successfully used in energy production. The most promising results were found for hydrochar produced at 220 °C for 1 h, leading to a better combustion performance and providing a more stable and a less violent flame.

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Municipal solid waste management systems in Poland and the Czech Republic. A comparative study

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Valorization of Quality of Vermicomposts and Composts Using Various Parameters

Valorization of Quality of Vermicomposts and Composts Using Various Parameters

Methods of landfill gas management. The Czech Republic case study

Hydrothermal Carbonization of the Wet Fraction from Mixed Municipal Solid Waste: A Fuel and Structural Analysis of Hydrochars

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