Municipal Wastewater Treatment in an Anaerobic Digester‐constructed Wetland System

Ruíz, I.; Álvarez, J.A.; Díaz, Mario; Serrano, L.; Soto, M.

doi:10.1080/09593330802296173

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Since anaerobic digestion takes place in the septic tank, little removal of nitrogen and phosphorus can be expected [22,23]. The results of this study indicated that the removal of phosphorus at HRTs of 72, 48 and 24 h were 29.3%, 26.9% and 25.6%, respectively.…”

Section: Performance Of the Conventional Septic Tankmentioning

confidence: 85%

Treatment of domestic wastewater using conventional and baffled septic tanks

Nasr

Mikhaeil

2013

Environmental Technology

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The main theme of the study was a comparative study of domestic wastewater treatment using conventional and baffled septic tanks. The septic tanks were fed continuously with domestic wastewater at three different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The HRTs chosen were 24, 48 and 72 h with corresponding organic loads of 0.321, 0.436 and 0.885 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) per m3 per day, respectively. The performance of the septic tanks at the three HRTs gave satisfactory results. For the conventional septic tank, COD removal was 53.4%, 56% and 65.3%, at an HRT of 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, with residual COD of 412, 380 and 334mg/l, respectively. At HRTs of 72, 48 and 24 h, the following percentages removals were realized for: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), 68.4%, 57, 53.5%; total suspended solid (TSS), 65.3%, 58.3, 55%; phosphorus, 29.3%, 26.9, 25.6%; total Kjeldahl nitrogen 26.8%, 20.8, 17.7%, respectively. On the contrary, ammonia concentrations increased by 7.1%, 5.2 and 4.2% under the same conditions. Consequently, the results showed that the removal of fecal coliform at all HRTs was less than one log. The two baffled septic tanks exhibited superior results at HRTs of 72, 48 and 24 h. Comparing the treated domestic wastewater quality produced by the two types of septic tanks in terms of physico-chemical and biological characteristics, better results were obtained using the two baffles type.

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Section: Performance Of the Conventional Septic Tankmentioning

confidence: 85%

Treatment of domestic wastewater using conventional and baffled septic tanks

Nasr

Mikhaeil

2013

Environmental Technology

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“…Researchers have reported lower efficiency of UASB reactor during the treatment of low strength complex wastewaters due to the lower removal of suspended organic matter [28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Blanket (Muasb) Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mixing can facilitate the release of produced gas in bioreactor. Therefore, higher turbulence in MUASB may help gas bubble to release from granular surface [27].Researchers have reported lower efficiency of UASB reactor during the treatment of low strength complex wastewaters due to the lower removal of suspended organic matter [28][29][30][31].Therefore, the presence of TSS possibly reduces the efficiency of UASB reactor during the treatment of municipal sewage in this study. Low influent COD results in low gas production, thereby decreasing the collision opportunity of influent solids with sludge biomass.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of reactor configuration on performance during anaerobic treatment of low strength wastewater

Das

2015

Environmental Technology

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The efficiency of the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor is quite low for the treatment of low strength wastewaters (LSWs) due to less biogas production leading to poor mixing. LSW may be treated efficiently by providing adequate mixing in the UASB reactor when gas production is low, and sufficient mixing can be achieved by modifying reactor geometry. Hence, modifying UASB reactor geometry for enhanced mixing and evaluating its performance for the treatment of LSWs would be a worthwhile effort. In the present study, UASB reactor configuration was modified by providing a vertical baffle along the height to promote mixing of reactor contents, and is termed as modified UASB (MUASB). The performance of an on-site pilot-scale MUASB reactor was evaluated for 375 days under ambient condition for the treatment of municipal sewage as LSW and compared with that of the conventional UASB and hybrid UASB (HUASB) reactors. The MUASB reactor showed better performance in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency as compared with UASB and HUASB reactors during this study. At 4 h hydraulic retention time, the total COD removal efficiency of UASB and HUASB reactors was 53.7% and 61%, respectively, which were much lower than the total COD removal efficiency of the MUASB reactor (72.7%). The better performance observed in the MUASB reactor is possibly due to improved mixing. Depth-wise analysis of reactor liquid showed that better mixing in the MUASB reactor enhances the contact of wastewater with biomass, which contributes to the improved treatment efficiency. It seems that MUASB holds promise for LSW treatment.

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“…For the case study, we selected an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) combined with Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCW). The selected treatment train is a low-cost alternative for rural sanitation that allows reuse practices (de Sousa et al 2001;El-Khateeb & El-Gohary 2003;Halalsheh et al 2008;Ruiz et al 2008). Concerning sewage sludge management, we evaluated an on-site sludge treatment facility using Sludge Drying Reed Beds (SDRBs) (Nielsen & Willoughby 2005).…”

Section: Selected Technologies For Wastewater and Sewage Sludge Treatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse-oriented decentralized wastewater and sewage sludge treatment for rural settlements in Brazil: a cost–benefit analysis

Cardona¹,

Segovia²,

Böttger³

et al. 2017

Desalination and Water Treatment

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a b s t r ac tDecentralized sanitation and reuse (DESAR) solutions can contribute significantly to the improvement of wastewater treatment in small urbanized rural settlements (SURUS). Amongst the advantages of DESAR solutions for SURUS is a reduction in final treatment costs because they allow for water reclamation and sewage sludge reuse; predominantly for agriculture. In the present work, a costbenefit analysis on a DESAR system installed into a rural community in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, was conducted. The net present value (NPV) method was applied to assign a monetary value to the economical and environmental benefits associated with water reclamation, sewage sludge reuse and the avoided cost of 5-d biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) discharges. The NPV results of this case study revealed that the proposed DESAR solution could recover up to 73% of the total operating and maintenance costs. These findings suggest that DESAR solutions can respond to the need to reduce costs and improve the nutrient recovery capabilities of sanitation interventions in rural communities.

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Municipal Wastewater Treatment in an Anaerobic Digester‐constructed Wetland System

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Treatment of domestic wastewater using conventional and baffled septic tanks

Treatment of domestic wastewater using conventional and baffled septic tanks

Effect of reactor configuration on performance during anaerobic treatment of low strength wastewater

Reuse-oriented decentralized wastewater and sewage sludge treatment for rural settlements in Brazil: a cost–benefit analysis

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