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It is the purpose of this paper to explore the theory of high temperature superconductivity. Much of the motivation for this comes from the study of cuprate high temperature superconductors. However, we do not focus in great detail on the remarkable and exciting physics that has been discovered in these materials. Rather, we focus on the core theoretical issues associated with the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity. Although our discussions of theoretical issues in a strongly correlated superconductor are intended to be self contained and pedagogically complete, our discussions of experiments in the cuprates are, unfortunately, considerably more truncated and impressionistic.Our primary focus is on physics at intermediate temperature scales of order T c (as well as the somewhat larger "pseudogap" temperature) and energies of order the gap maximum, ∆ 0 . Consequently (and reluctantly) we have omitted any detailed discussion of a number of fascinating topics in cuprate superconductivity, including the low energy physics associated with nodal quasiparticles, the properties of the vortex matter which results from the application of a magnetic field, the effects of disorder, and a host of material specific issues. This paper is long enough as it is! 13.3 Our view of the phase diagram-Reprise 13.3.1 Pseudogap scales 13.3.1 Dimensional crossovers 13.3.2 The cuprates as quasi-1D superconductors 13.3.3 Inherent competition 13.4 Some open questions 13.4.1 Are stripes universal in the cuprate superconductors? 13.4.2 Are stripes an unimportant low temperature complication? 13.4.3 Are the length and time scales reasonable? 13.4.4 Are stripes conducting or insulating? 13.4.5 Are stripes good or bad for superconductivity? 13.4.6 Do stripes produce pairing? 13.4.7 Do stripes really make the electronic structure quasi-1D? 13.4.8 What about overdoping? 13.4.9 How large is the regime of substantial fluctuation superconductivity? 13.4.10 What about phonons? 13.4.11 What are the effects of quenched disorder? List of Symbols 6 Quasi-1D Physics in a Dynamical Stripe Array As mentioned before, in the simplest microscopic realizations of the 1DEG Competition between CDW and SS is key in quasi-1D systems.with repulsive interactions, 0 < K c < 1 and hence the CDW susceptibility is the most divergent as T → 0 (See Eq. (32).) This seemingly implies that the typical fate of a quasi-one dimensional system with a spin gap is to wind up a CDW insulator in which CDW modulations on neighboring chains phase
It is the purpose of this paper to explore the theory of high temperature superconductivity. Much of the motivation for this comes from the study of cuprate high temperature superconductors. However, we do not focus in great detail on the remarkable and exciting physics that has been discovered in these materials. Rather, we focus on the core theoretical issues associated with the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity. Although our discussions of theoretical issues in a strongly correlated superconductor are intended to be self contained and pedagogically complete, our discussions of experiments in the cuprates are, unfortunately, considerably more truncated and impressionistic.Our primary focus is on physics at intermediate temperature scales of order T c (as well as the somewhat larger "pseudogap" temperature) and energies of order the gap maximum, ∆ 0 . Consequently (and reluctantly) we have omitted any detailed discussion of a number of fascinating topics in cuprate superconductivity, including the low energy physics associated with nodal quasiparticles, the properties of the vortex matter which results from the application of a magnetic field, the effects of disorder, and a host of material specific issues. This paper is long enough as it is! 13.3 Our view of the phase diagram-Reprise 13.3.1 Pseudogap scales 13.3.1 Dimensional crossovers 13.3.2 The cuprates as quasi-1D superconductors 13.3.3 Inherent competition 13.4 Some open questions 13.4.1 Are stripes universal in the cuprate superconductors? 13.4.2 Are stripes an unimportant low temperature complication? 13.4.3 Are the length and time scales reasonable? 13.4.4 Are stripes conducting or insulating? 13.4.5 Are stripes good or bad for superconductivity? 13.4.6 Do stripes produce pairing? 13.4.7 Do stripes really make the electronic structure quasi-1D? 13.4.8 What about overdoping? 13.4.9 How large is the regime of substantial fluctuation superconductivity? 13.4.10 What about phonons? 13.4.11 What are the effects of quenched disorder? List of Symbols 6 Quasi-1D Physics in a Dynamical Stripe Array As mentioned before, in the simplest microscopic realizations of the 1DEG Competition between CDW and SS is key in quasi-1D systems.with repulsive interactions, 0 < K c < 1 and hence the CDW susceptibility is the most divergent as T → 0 (See Eq. (32).) This seemingly implies that the typical fate of a quasi-one dimensional system with a spin gap is to wind up a CDW insulator in which CDW modulations on neighboring chains phase
PrefaceIt is the purpose of this paper to explore the theory of high temperature superconductivity. Much of the motivation for this comes from the study of cuprate high temperature superconductors. However, we do not focus in great detail on the remarkable and exciting physics that has been discovered in these materials. Rather, we focus on the core theoretical issues associated with the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity. Although our discussions of theoretical issues in a strongly correlated superconductor are intended to be self contained and pedagogically complete, our discussions of experiments in the cuprates are, unfortunately, considerably more truncated and impressionistic.Our primary focus is on physics at intermediate temperature scales of order T c (as well as the somewhat larger "pseudogap" temperature) and energies of order the gap maximum, ∆ 0 . Consequently (and reluctantly) we have omitted any detailed discussion of a number of fascinating topics in cuprate superconductivity, including the low energy physics associated with nodal quasiparticles, the properties of the vortex matter which results from the application of a magnetic field, the effects of disorder, and a host of material specific issues. This paper is long enough as it is!
Within the framework of the kinetic energy driven superconductivity, the electromagnetic response in cuprate superconductors is studied in the linear response approach. The kernel of the response function is evaluated and employed to calculate the local magnetic field profile, the magnetic field penetration depth, and the superfluid density, based on the specular reflection model for a purely transverse vector potential. It is shown that the low temperature magnetic field profile follows an exponential decay at the surface, while the magnetic field penetration depth depends linearly on temperature, except for the strong deviation from the linear characteristics at extremely low temperatures. The superfluid density is found to decrease linearly with decreasing doping concentration in the underdoped regime. The problem of gauge invariance is addressed and an approximation for the dressed current vertex, which does not violate local charge conservation is proposed and discussed.
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