Murine and human very small embryonic‐like cells: A perspective

Heider, Andreas; Danova-Alt, Ralitza; Egger, Dietmar; Cross, Michael; Alt, Rüdiger

doi:10.1002/cyto.a.22229

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Human umbilical cord blood has both HSC and non-HSC as several groups have demonstrated before [4], [5], [7], [23], [32]. We have shown here that the presence of a heterogeneous population lacking the expression of LCA and other mature haematopoietic markers, but expressing stem cell markers such as CD34 and CXCR4, and the tissue-committed stem cell marker Nestin, could explain the discrepancies in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…In conclusion, our work has described three different cell subpopulations including Lin − CD45 − Nestin + , which has not been previously reported (Table 3) by any of the groups working with hUCB-derived “embryonic-like cells” [4], [5], [7], [23], [32]. However more research will be needed to establish the relationship between these populations and those previously described.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

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Cord Blood Lin−CD45− Embryonic-Like Stem Cells Are a Heterogeneous Population That Lack Self-Renewal Capacity

et al. 2013

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Human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) has been proposed to contain not only haematopoietic stem cells, but also a rare pluripotent embryonic-like stem cell (ELSc) population that is negative for hematopoietic markers (Lin−CD45−) and expresses markers typical of pluripotent cells. The aim of this work was to isolate, characterise and expand this ELSc fraction from hUCB, as it may provide a valuable cell source for regenerative medicine applications. We found that we could indeed isolate a Lin−CD45− population of small cells (3–10 µm diameter) with a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio that expressed the stem cell markers CD34 and CXCR4. However, in contrast to some previous reports, this fraction was not positive for CD133. Furthermore, although these cells expressed transcripts typical of pluripotent cells, such as SOX2, OCT3/4, and NANOG, they were not able to proliferate in any of the culture media known to support stem cell growth that we tested. Further analysis of the Lin−CD45− population by flow cytometry showed the presence of a Lin−CD45−Nestin+ population that were also positive for CD34 (20%) but negative for CXCR4. These data suggest that the Lin−CD45− stem cell fraction present in the cord blood represents a small heterogeneous population with phenotypic characteristics of stem cells, including a Lin−CD45−Nestin+ population not previously described. This study also suggests that heterogeneity within the Lin−CD45− cell fraction is the likely explanation for differences in the hUCB cell populations described by different groups that were isolated using different methods. These populations have been widely called “embryonic-like stem cell” on the basis of their phenotypical similarity to embryonic stem cells. However, the fact they do not seem to be able to self-renew casts some doubt on their identity, and warns against defining them as “embryonic-like stem cell” at this stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Cord Blood Lin−CD45− Embryonic-Like Stem Cells Are a Heterogeneous Population That Lack Self-Renewal Capacity

et al. 2013

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“…To corroborate this study, pre-clinical study of left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction in pigs undergoing infusion of stem cells from bone marrow, there was heart tissue regeneration, with hemodynamic improvement [16]. Another study examined the direct administration of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow in the left ventricular wall in co-culture with skeletal myoblasts for 14 days, with improvement in ejection fraction of 23% to 34% of heart, with contraction of the stroke volume, reduction in diastolic blood pressure and the occurrence of angiogenesis [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Improvement in Ejection Fraction and Functional Class after Two Years of Cells Transplantation

Jacob¹

2015

Cell Biol: Res Ther

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To mitigate the Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in the world, about 16,000 transplants of autologous stem cell allogeneic and 29 000 are performed. In Brazil, the transplantation of autologous bone marrow stems cells increased by about the 1000 per year. The aim of this study was to identify short-term results by intracoronary infusion of autologous mononuclear layer cells from bone marrow by SEPAX in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy to examine improvement in Functional Class and Ventricular Ejection Fraction. In the methodology, of the 15 patients with a mean age of 59 years, nine were male and six were carriers of resynchronization. Thus, access to the infusion of stem cells from mononuclear layer was the femoral artery and the coronary arteries were selected angioplasty guide catheters. In flow rate of 1.0 mL per minute, were infused 10.0 mL of cell solution in AD, 2.0 mL in LxC and 8.0 mL in RCA when it was dominant, and in cases of left dominance, was infused 8.0 mL in LxC and 2.0 mL in RCA. As a result, of the 15 patients before treatment, 10 had Functional Class IV and Functional Class III and five demonstrated after treatment, 1 patient was in class I, 11 patients were in Functional Class II and 3 patients were in Functional Class III. Have Ventricular Ejection Fraction before treatment averaged 23.6% and posttreatment average was 36.27%. There was no significant difference between patients with and without pacemaker. After treatment with pacemaker the Ventricular Ejection Fraction was 37.33 and Ventricular Ejection Fraction 35.48% without pacemaker. In conclusion, treatment with intracoronary infusion of stem cells from mononuclear layer showed significant improvement in Functional Class and Ventricular Ejection Fraction in patients with Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, refractory to therapy, over a period of 12 to 24 months after treatment.

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“…Among these are direct labeling of cells with superparamagnetic agents, radionuclide, and the use of reporter genes for imaging of transplanted cells. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best suited to meet such broad objective thanks to its resolution and clinical applicability [35]. The use of non-invasive imaging modalities in pre clinical cell therapy studies revealed key aspects of cell biology that will not be observed by other approaches excepted for histological analysis [36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of this study is to identify short-term result of cell transplantation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy patients (IDC) who were treated by intracoronary transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) and compare these results with the placebo (PL) group, by magnetic resonance imaging [33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiomyopathy and Cell Therapy: Ejection Fraction Improvement and Cardiac Muscle Mass Increasing, after a Year of Bone Marrow Stem Cells Transplantation, by Magnetic Resonance Image

Grzeco¹

2013

J Stem Cell Res Ther

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The idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) is one of the major public health problems in the western world. Patients with IDC in functional class IV (New York Health Association -NYHA), even after therapeutic optimization, have high mortality. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for cell death-related heart diseases and several positive effects were assigned to cell therapy in cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was identify short-term result of cell transplantation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy patients (IDC) who were treated by transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC). Intracoronary injections of autologous BMMC were performed in eight patients with severe ventricle dysfunction (mean of left ventricle ejection fraction -LEVF=20.03%), cardiac mass muscle around 156.2 g and NYHA between III and IV grades, other 8 IDC patients received placebo. The IDCs were followed -up for one and two years, by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results after one year showed significant improvement in LVEF (mean=181.4) and muscle mass increasing (mean=181.4 g), after two years the LVEF continued improving, reaching a mean of 32.69% and the cardiac muscle mass kept stable (mean=179.4 g). Excepted for one patient, all the other had improvement in the NYHA functional class. The placebo group did not show any improvement. We believe that BMMC implant may be a beneficial therapeutic option for IDC patients.

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Murine and human very small embryonic‐like cells: A perspective

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Cord Blood Lin−CD45− Embryonic-Like Stem Cells Are a Heterogeneous Population That Lack Self-Renewal Capacity

Cord Blood Lin−CD45− Embryonic-Like Stem Cells Are a Heterogeneous Population That Lack Self-Renewal Capacity

Significant Improvement in Ejection Fraction and Functional Class after Two Years of Cells Transplantation

Cardiomyopathy and Cell Therapy: Ejection Fraction Improvement and Cardiac Muscle Mass Increasing, after a Year of Bone Marrow Stem Cells Transplantation, by Magnetic Resonance Image

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