Murine Model for Therapy of Listeriosis in the Compromised Host

H, Hof; Emmerling, P; Seeliger, H. P. R.

doi:10.1159/000237980

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…infected nude mice in which R. equi persisted in the lungs and spleen for at least 3 weeks were used as the experimental model of infection. The idea to use such an animal model was provided by the results of testing the antibacterial activities of in Listeria monocytogenes-infected nude mice and by the persistence of R. equi in infected normal mice treated with cyclophosphamide (16,17,19). The choice of antibiotics was guided by the results of previous susceptibility studies in vitro (2,4,22,30).…”

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confidence: 99%

Therapy of Rhodococcus equi disseminated infections in nude mice

Nordmann

Kerestedjian

Ronco

1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Rhodococcus equi is a facultative, intracellular, gram-positive coccobacillus increasingly reported as an opportunistic pathogen in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. However, the optimal drug regimen for treating R. equi pulmonary or systemic infections is not yet known. Therefore, a model of intravenously infected nude mice with disseminated infection was created to study the efficacy of antibiotics alone or in combination as determined by the reduction of bacterial CPU per gram in the lungs and spleen after 4 and 11 days of treatment. The studied antibiotics possessing low MICs against R. equi strains were amikacin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, imipenem, minocycline, rifampin, and vancomycin. Vancomycin, imipenem, and rifampin were the most effective agents in monotherapy. On the other hand, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and minocycline alone were not active in this model. The most active drug combinations were those including vancomycin. No antibiotic-resistant mutants were selected in vivo with treatment involving any drugs used alone or in combination. Although the treatment recommended until now for R. equi infections is rifamnpin plus erythromycin, this study suggests that antibiotic combinations which include vancomycin may be the most effective in vivo.

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confidence: 99%

Therapy of Rhodococcus equi disseminated infections in nude mice

Nordmann

Kerestedjian

Ronco

1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Second, the disease often occurs in the compromised host. Without the supporting aid of the body's own defense mechanisms the therapeutic effect of an antibiotic treatment is defi nitely reduced [6,7,22,27]. Ampicillin, possibly in combination with gentamicin [13], is still regarded as the drug of primary choice for treatment of listeriosis [12,20,26], although this /1-lactam antibiotic is not able to act upon phagocytosed bacteria [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their activ ity can be blocked by treatment with highmolecular dextran sulfate [3]. The T lym phocytes, on the other hand, are necessary for overcoming the infection in a later phase by stimulating the macrophage ac tivity [10,11], A lack of T lymphocytes, as present in nude mice, will lead to a chronic infection [1], Thus, there are two different models for compromised host defenses available which can be used for the evaluation of drug activity [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Murine Model for Therapy of Listeriosis in the Compromised Host

Kawaler

Hof

1985

Chemotherapy

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Mice infected with a cotrimoxazole-susceptible strain of Listeria monocytogenes (MIC 0.25 mg/l) were highly protected by a short-lived therapy with this drug. The excellent activity of ampicillin, however, was not achieved. Only the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole gave sufficient protection. In dextran sulfate-treated mice, highly susceptible to listeria infection, cotrimoxazole showed also good activity. In the nude, athymic mouse, however, when the deficient immune system did not afford assistance to the elimination of bacteria, only transient reduction of bacterial counts occurred.

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“…In the remote site within the phago lysosome of macrophages [6,10] these bac teria are hardly accessible to antibiotics. Furthermore, listeriosis often occurs in the compromised host [14,17] where antibiot ics are much less effective than in a normal host [5,6,18,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Murine Model for Therapy of Listeriosis in the Compromised Host

H¹,

Emmerling²

1984

Chemotherapy

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10 different strains of Listeria monocytogenes tested in vitro were found to be susceptible to rifampicin showing minimal inhibitory concentrations between 0.0075 and 0.06 μg/ml. Mice infected with a virulent strain of L. monocytogenes were treated with this antibiotic. Bacterial counts rapidly declined. In dextran sulfate-treated animals, deprived of their macrophage system and consequently highly susceptible to Listeria infection, rifampicin was able to protect the animals. Furthermore, nude athymic mice, chronically infected with L. monocytogenes, were also nearly cured. A few remaining bacteria, however, started to multiply after cessation of therapy, so that a relapse was noted. Development of resistance of L. monocytogenes to rifampicin during treatment was not observed.

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Murine Model for Therapy of Listeriosis in the Compromised Host

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Therapy of Rhodococcus equi disseminated infections in nude mice

Therapy of Rhodococcus equi disseminated infections in nude mice

Murine Model for Therapy of Listeriosis in the Compromised Host

Murine Model for Therapy of Listeriosis in the Compromised Host

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